He kumu koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai inu - ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā microorganism pathogenic pōʻino, me ka bacteria, virus, a me ka protozoa, e pale ai i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi lawe wai.ʻOiai ʻaʻole hoʻopau ka disinfection i nā microorganism āpau, hōʻoia ia e hōʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o nā maʻi lawe wai i nā pae i manaʻo ʻia he ʻae ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana microbiological.ʻO ka sterilization, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā microorganism āpau i loko o ka wai, ʻoiai ʻo ka disinfection e kuhikuhi i kahi hapa nui o nā microorganism pathogenic, e hōʻemi ana i nā pilikia e pili ana i nā maʻi lawe wai.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻenehana Disinfection
Ma mua o ka waena o ke kenekulia 19, i ka wā i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ke kumumanaʻo bacterial pathogenic, ua manaʻo ʻia ka ʻala he ala no ka lawe ʻana i nā maʻi, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka wai a me nā hana disinfection.
Nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻi no ka wai inu
Hoʻopau kino
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana kino e like me ka hoʻomehana, kānana, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a me ka irradiation.He mea maʻamau ka wai paila, maikaʻi no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai nā ʻano kānana e like me ke one, asbestos, a i ʻole nā kānana fiber vinegar e wehe i ka bacteria me ka pepehi ʻole iā lākou.Hōʻike ka radiation UV, i loko o ka laulā 240-280nm, i nā waiwai germicidal ikaika, kūpono no ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā disinfectors UV pololei a lima paha.
UV Disinfection
Hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻo UV radiation ma waena o 200-280nm i nā pathogens me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika, e loaʻa ana ka kaulana no kona pono i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā mea maʻi.
Hoʻopaʻapaʻa Kemika
ʻO nā disinfectants kemika he chlorination, chloramines, chlorine dioxide, a me ka ozone.
Nā Hui Klorine
ʻO Chlorination, kahi ʻano hana ākea, hōʻike i nā waiwai germicidal ikaika, kūpaʻa, a me ke kumu kūʻai, hoʻohana pono ʻia i ka mālama wai.ʻO nā Chloramines, kahi derivative o ka chlorine a me ka amonia, mālama i ka ʻono o ka wai a me ka waihoʻoluʻu me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa akā koi i nā kaʻina hana paʻakikī a me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Klorine Dioxide
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka disinfectant o ka hanauna ʻehā, ʻoi aku ka chlorine dioxide ma mua o ka chlorine ma nā ʻano he nui, e hōʻike ana i ka disinfection ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻono, a me nā huahana carcinogenic haʻahaʻa.ʻAʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka wela o ka wai a hōʻike i nā hopena bactericidal maikaʻi loa i ka wai maikaʻi ʻole.
Ozone Disinfection
Hāʻawi ʻo Ozone, kahi oxidizer maikaʻi, hāʻawi i ka hoʻopau microbial ākea ākea.Eia naʻe, nele i ka lōʻihi, kūpaʻa, a koi i ka ʻike loea no ka nānā ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ka wai hue.
Aia ma lalo iho kekahi mau kūlana honua no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai inu
ʻO nā koi kikoʻī chlorine manuahi: ka manawa pili me ka wai ≥ 30 mau minuke, ka wai o ka hale hana a me ka palena wai wai ≤ 2 mg/L, ka palena wai o ka hale hana ≥ 0.3 mg/L, a me ka palena wai hope ≥ 0.05 mg/L.
ʻO ka nui o nā koi chlorine index: ka manawa pili me ka wai ≥ 120 mau minuke, ka waiwai palena o ka wai hale hana a me ka wai hoʻopau ≤ 3 mg/L, ke koena wai o ka hale hana ≥ 0.5 mg/L, a me ke koena wai hope ≥ 0.05 mg/L.
ʻO nā koi ozone index: ka manawa pili me ka wai ≥ 12 mau minuke, ka wai o ka hale hana a me ka palena wai hope ≤ 0.3 mg / L, ke koena wai hope ≥ 0.02 mg / L, inā hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana disinfection, ka palena disinfectant a me ke koena. pono e hoʻokō ʻia nā koi.
ʻO nā koi o ka chlorine dioxide index: ka manawa hoʻopili me ka wai ≥ 30 mau minuke, ka wai o ka hale hana a me ka palena wai hope ≤ 0.8 mg/L, ke koena wai o ka hale hana ≥ 0.1 mg/L, a me ke koena wai hope ≥ 0.02 mg/L.
