ເຄື່àºàº‡àºŠà»ˆàº§àºàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆà»àº¡à»ˆàº™àºàº¸àº›àº°àºàºàº™àºàº²àº™à»àºžàº”ທີ່ໃຊ້ທົ່ວໄປທີ່ຊ່ວຠຫຼື ທົດà»àº—ນàºàº²àº™à»€àº®àº±àº”ວຽàºàº‚àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº»àºšàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàº‚àºàº‡àº„ົນເຈັບ.ໃນລະຫວ່າງàºàº²àº™ ນຳ ໃຊ້ເຄື່àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”, ມີຫຼາàºàº®àº¹àºšà»àºšàºšàº‚àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºàº»àº™àºˆàº±àºàº—ີ່ຈະເລືàºàºà»€àºàº»àº², à»àº•່ລະຕົວຊີ້ບàºàºà»àº¥àº°àº‚à»à»‰à»„ດ້ປຽບສະເພາະ.ບົດ​ຄວາມ​ນີ້​ຈະ​à»àº™àº°â€‹àº™à»àº²â€‹àº«àº»àºâ€‹àº®àº¹àºšâ€‹à»àºšàºšâ€‹àº—ົ່ວ​ໄປ​ຂàºàº‡â€‹àºàº²àº™â€‹àº¥àº°â€‹àºšàº²àºâ€‹àºàº²â€‹àºàº²àº”​àºàº»àº™â€‹àºˆàº±àºâ€‹à»àº¥àº°â€‹àºªà»àº²â€‹àº«àº¼àº§àº”​àºàº²àº™â€‹àº™à»àº²â€‹à»ƒàºŠà»‰â€‹àº—າງ​ດ້ານ​àºàº²àº™â€‹àºŠà»ˆàº§àºâ€‹àº‚àºàº‡â€‹à»€àº‚ົາ​ເຈົ້າ​.
Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV)
Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation is a common mode of mechanical ventilation where the inspiratory phase is positive pressure , à»àº¥àº°à»„ລàºàº°àº«àº¡àº»àº”àºàº²àºàº¸à»àº¡à»ˆàº™àº¢àº¹à»ˆàº—ີ່ສູນ.ຮູບà»àºšàºšàº™àºµà»‰àº–ືàºàº™à»àº²à»ƒàºŠà»‰àº¢à»ˆàº²àº‡àºàº§à»‰àº²àº‡àº‚ວາງໃນàºàº²àº™àº„ຸ້ມຄàºàº‡àº„ົນເຈັບທີ່ມີພະàºàº²àº”ປàºàº”àºàº±àºà»€àºªàºšàºŠà»àº²à»€àº®àº·à»‰àº (COPD) à»àº¥àº°àº„ວາມລົ້ມເຫຼວຂàºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº»àºšàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàºàº·à»ˆàº™à»†.ໂດàºàºàº²àº™àº™à»àº²à»ƒàºŠà»‰àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນໃນທາງບວàº, ຮູບà»àºšàºš IPPV ສາມາດປັບປຸງàºàº²àº™à»àº¥àºàº›à»ˆàº½àº™àºàº²àºà»àºàº±àºªà»àº¥àº°àº›àº°àºªàº´àº”ທິພາບàºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”, ຫຼຸດຜ່àºàº™àºàº²àº™à»€àº®àº±àº”ວຽàºàº‚àºàº‡àºà»‰àº²àº¡àºŠàºµà»‰àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆ.
Intermittent Positive-Negative Pressure Ventilation (IPNPV)
Intermittent Positive-Negative Pressure Ventilation à»àº¡à»ˆàº™àºàºµàºà»àºšàºšà»œàº¶à»ˆàº‡àº‚àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºàº»àº™àºˆàº±àºàº—ີ່ໄລàºàº°àºàº²àº™àº”ົນໃຈà»àº¡à»ˆàº™àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງບວàº, à»àº¥àº°à»„ລàºàº°àºàº²àº™à»àº»àº”àºàº²àºàº¸à»àº¡à»ˆàº™àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງລົບ.ຄà»àº²àº®à»‰àºàº‡àºªàº°àº«àº¡àº±àºàº‚àºàº‡àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງລົບໃນໄລàºàº°àºàº²àº™àº«àº¡àº»àº”àºàº²àºàº¸àºàº²àº”ຈະນà»àº²à»„ປສູ່àºàº²àº™ collapse alveolar, ສົ່ງຜົນໃຫ້ atelectasis iatrogenic.ດັ່ງນັ້ນ, ຄວນລະມັດລະວັງໃນເວລາໃຊ້ໂຫມດ IPNPV ໃນàºàº²àº™àº›àº°àº•ິບັດທາງດ້ານàºàº²àº™àºŠà»ˆàº§àºà»€àºžàº·à»ˆàºàº«àº¼àºµàºà»€àº§àº±à»‰àº™àºœàº»àº™àºàº°àº—ົບທາງລົບທີ່àºàº²àº”ຈະເàºàºµàº”ຂື້ນ.
ຄວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງàºàº²àºàº²àº”ທາງບວàºàº¢à»ˆàº²àº‡àº•à»à»ˆà»€àº™àº·à»ˆàºàº‡ (CPAP)
ຄວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງບວàºàº¢à»ˆàº²àº‡àº•à»à»ˆà»€àº™àº·à»ˆàºàº‡à»àº¡à»ˆàº™àº®àº¹àºšà»àºšàºšàº‚àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ທາງàºàº»àº™àº—ີ່ນà»àº²à»ƒàºŠà»‰àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງບວàºàº¢à»ˆàº²àº‡àº•à»à»ˆà»€àº™àº·à»ˆàºàº‡àºàº±àºšà»€àºªàº±à»‰àº™àº—າງຫາàºà»ƒàºˆà»ƒàº™àº‚ະນະທີ່ຄົນເຈັບàºàº±àº‡àºªàº²àº¡àº²àº”ຫາàºà»ƒàºˆà»„ດ້ໂດàºàº—à»àº²àº¡àº°àºŠàº²àº”.ໂà»àº”ນີ້ຊ່ວàºàº®àº±àºàºªàº²àº„ວາມດັນຂàºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº»àºšàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆà»‚ດàºàºàº²àº™à»ƒàºŠà»‰àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງບວàºà»ƒàº™àº¥àº°àº”ັບໃດໜຶ່ງຕະຫຼàºàº”ຮàºàºšàº§àº½àº™àºàº²àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàº—ັງà»àº»àº”.ໂà»àº” CPAP à»àº¡à»ˆàº™à»ƒàºŠà»‰àº—ົ່ວໄປເພື່àºàº›àº´à»ˆàº™àº›àº»àº§àºªàº°àºžàº²àºšàº•່າງໆເຊັ່ນ: ໂຣàºàº¢àº¸àº”ຫາàºà»ƒàºˆàº™àºàº™àº«àº¼àº±àºš à»àº¥àº° ໂຣàºàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàº¥àº³àºšàº²àºàº‚àºàº‡à»€àº”ັàºà»€àºàºµàº”ໃà»à»ˆà»€àºžàº·à»ˆàºàº›àº±àºšàº›àº¸àº‡àºàº»àºàºŠàºµà»€àºˆàº™ à»àº¥àº° ຫຼຸດຜ່àºàº™àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”.
àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºšàº±àº‡àº„ັບເປັນໄລàºàº°à»† à»àº¥àº° synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV/SIMV)
Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV) ເປັນໂà»àº”ທີ່ເຄື່àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ບà»à»ˆàºˆàº³à»€àº›àº±àº™àº•້àºàº‡à»ƒàºŠà»‰àº¥àº»àº¡àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàº—ີ່ເàºàºµàº”ຈາàºàº„ົນເຈັບ, à»àº¥àº°à»„ລàºàº°à»€àº§àº¥àº²àº‚àºàº‡àº¥àº»àº¡àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆà»àº•່ລະຄັ້ງà»àº¡à»ˆàº™àºšà»à»ˆàº„ົງທີ່.synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV), ໃນທາງàºàº»àº‡àºàº±àº™àº‚້າມ, ນà»àº²à»ƒàºŠà»‰àºàº¸àº›àº°àºàºàº™ synchronizing ເພື່àºàºªàº»à»ˆàº‡àº¥àº»àº¡àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàº—ີ່ບັງຄັບໃຫ້ຄົນເຈັບໂດàºàºàºµàº‡à»ƒàºªà»ˆàº•ົວàºà»àº²àº™àº»àº”àºàº²àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàº—ີ່àºà»àº²àº™àº»àº”ໄວ້ລ່ວງຫນ້າໃນຂະນະທີ່ໃຫ້ຄົນເຈັບຫາàºà»ƒàºˆà»àºšàºšàºàº±àº”ຕະໂນມັດໂດàºàºšà»à»ˆàº¡àºµàºàº²àº™àº¥àº»àºšàºàº§àº™àºˆàº²àºà»€àº„ື່àºàº‡àºŠà»ˆàº§àºàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆ.
ໂà»àº” IMV/SIMV ມັàºàº–ືàºà»ƒàºŠà»‰à»ƒàº™àºà»àº¥àº°àº™àºµàº—ີ່àºàº±àº”ຕາàºàº²àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàº•à»à»ˆàº²àº–ືàºàº®àº±àºàºªàº²à»„ວ້ດ້ວàºàºàº»àºàºŠàºµà»€àºˆàº™àº—ີ່ດີ.ໂà»àº”ນີ້ຖືàºàº¥àº§àº¡à»€àº‚ົ້າàºàº±àº™à»€àº¥àº·à»‰àºàºà»†àºàº±àºš Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) ເພື່àºàº«àº¼àº¸àº”ຜ່àºàº™àºàº²àº™à»€àº®àº±àº”ວຽàºàº‚àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº»àºšàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆ à»àº¥àº° àºàº²àº™àºšà»àº¥àº´à»‚ພàºàºàº»àºàºŠàºµ, ເຊິ່ງຊ່ວàºàº›à»‰àºàº‡àºàº±àº™àº„ວາມເມື່àºàºàº¥à»‰àº²àº‚àºàº‡àºà»‰àº²àº¡à»€àº™àº·à»‰àº.
àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ນາທີບັງຄັບ (MMV)
Mandatory Minute Ventilation à»àº¡à»ˆàº™àº®àº¹àºšà»àºšàºšàº—ີ່ເຄື່àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ໃຫ້ຄວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນໃນທາງບວàºàº¢à»ˆàº²àº‡àº•à»à»ˆà»€àº™àº·à»ˆàºàº‡à»‚ດàºàºšà»à»ˆàº¡àºµàºàº²àº™àºªàº»à»ˆàº‡àº¥àº»àº¡àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàºšàº±àº‡àº„ັບເມື່àºàºàº±àº”ຕາàºàº²àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆà»àºšàºš spontaneous ຂàºàº‡àº„ົນເຈັບເàºàºµàº™àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ນາທີທີ່àºà»àº²àº™àº»àº”ໄວ້.ເມື່àºàºàº±àº”ຕາàºàº²àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆ spontaneous ຂàºàº‡àº„ົນເຈັບໄປຮàºàº”àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ນາທີທີ່àºà»àº²àº™àº»àº”ໄວ້, ເຄື່àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນàºàº²àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆàºšàº±àº‡àº„ັບເພື່àºà»€àºžàºµà»ˆàº¡àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ນາທີໃນລະດັບທີ່ຕ້àºàº‡àºàº²àº™.ຮູບà»àºšàºš MMV àºàº°àº™àº¸àºàº²àº”ໃຫ້ມີàºàº²àº™àº›àº±àºšàº•ົວໂດàºàºàºµàº‡à»ƒàºªà»ˆàºàº²àº™àº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆ spontaneous ຂàºàº‡àº„ົນເຈັບເພື່àºàº•àºàºšàºªàº°àº«àº™àºàº‡àº„ວາມຕ້àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àº‚àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº»àºšàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆ.
Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)
Pressure Support Ventilation à»àº¡à»ˆàº™àº®àº¹àºšà»àºšàºšàºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºàº»àº™àºˆàº±àºàº—ີ່ໃຫ້ລະດັບàºàº²àº™àº®àºàº‡àº®àº±àºšàº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທີ່àºàº³àº™àº»àº”ໄວ້ລ່ວງໜ້າ ໃນລະຫວ່າງຄວາມພະàºàº²àºàº²àº¡àº‚àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àº”ົນໃຈà»àº•່ລະຄົນທີ່ເຮັດໂດàºàº„ົນເຈັບ.ໂດàºàºàº²àº™àºªàº°àº«àº™àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àºªàº°àº«àº™àº±àºšàºªàº°àº«àº™àº¹àº™àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນ inspiratory ເພີ່ມເຕີມ, ໂຫມດ PSV ປັບປຸງຄວາມເລິàºàº‚àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àº”ົນໃຈà»àº¥àº°àº›àº°àº¥àº´àº¡àº²àº™ tidal, ຫຼຸດຜ່àºàº™àºàº²àº™à»€àº®àº±àº”ວຽàºàº‚àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº»àºšàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆ.ມັນມັàºàºˆàº°àº–ືàºàº¥àº§àº¡à»€àº‚ົ້າàºàº±àºšà»‚ຫມດ SIMV à»àº¥àº°à»ƒàºŠà»‰à»€àº›àº±àº™à»„ລàºàº°àºàº²àº™àº«àº»àº”ລູàºà»€àºžàº·à»ˆàºàº«àº¼àº¸àº”ຜ່àºàº™àºàº²àº™à»€àº®àº±àº”ວຽàºàº‚àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº»àºšàº«àº²àºà»ƒàºˆà»àº¥àº°àºàº²àº™àºšà»àº¥àº´à»‚ພàºàºàº»àºàºŠàºµà»€àºˆàº™.
ສະຫຼຸບà»àº¥à»‰àº§, ຮູບà»àºšàºšàºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºàº»àº™àºˆàº±àºàº¥àº§àº¡à»€àº–ິງàºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ທາງບວàºà»àºšàºšàºàº²àº‡à»†, àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງບວàº-ລົບເປັນໄລàºàº°à»†, ຄວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນທາງàºàº²àºàº²àº”ທາງບວàºàº¢à»ˆàº²àº‡àº•à»à»ˆà»€àº™àº·à»ˆàºàº‡, àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºšàº±àº‡àº„ັບ, àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºšàº±àº‡àº„ັບເປັນໄລàºàº°à»†, àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”à»àºšàºšàºšàº±àº‡àº„ັບເປັນນາທີ, à»àº¥àº°àº„ວາມàºàº»àº”ດັນ.à»àº•່ລະຮູບà»àºšàºšàº¡àºµàº•ົວຊີ້ບàºàºà»àº¥àº°àº‚à»à»‰à»„ດ້ປຽບສະເພາະ, à»àº¥àº°àºœàº¹à»‰àºŠà»ˆàº½àº§àºŠàº²àº™àº”້ານສຸຂະພາບເລືàºàºàº®àº¹àºšà»àºšàºšàº—ີ່ເຫມາະສົມໂດàºàºàºµàº‡à»ƒàºªà»ˆàºªàº°àºžàº²àºšà»àº¥àº°àº„ວາມຕ້àºàº‡àºàº²àº™àº‚àºàº‡àº„ົນເຈັບ.ໃນລະຫວ່າງàºàº²àº™à»ƒàºŠà»‰à»€àº„ື່àºàº‡àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”, à»àºžàº”à»àº¥àº°àºžàº°àºàº²àºšàº²àº™à»€àº®àº±àº”àºàº²àº™àº›àº±àºšàº•ົວໃຫ້ທັນເວລາà»àº¥àº°àºàº²àº™àº›àº°à»€àº¡àºµàº™à»‚ດàºàºàºµàº‡à»ƒàºªà»ˆàºàº²àº™àº•àºàºšàºªàº°àº«àº™àºàº‡àº‚àºàº‡àº„ົນເຈັບà»àº¥àº°àº•ົວຊີ້ວັດàºàº²àº™àº•ິດຕາມເພື່àºàº®àº±àºšàº›àº°àºàº±àº™àºàº²àº™àºªàº°àº«àº™àº±àºšàºªàº°àº«àº™àº¹àº™àºàº²àº™àº¥àº°àºšàº²àºàºàº²àºàº²àº”ທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ.