Mpweya wolowera mpweya ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chomwe chimathandiza kapena kulowetsa m'malo mwa kupuma kwa wodwala.Pakugwiritsa ntchito makina olowera mpweya, pali mitundu ingapo ya mpweya wabwino wamakina wosankha, iliyonse ili ndi zizindikilo zake komanso zabwino zake.Nkhaniyi ifotokoza njira zisanu ndi imodzi zodziwika bwino za mpweya wabwino wamakina ndikuwunika momwe amagwiritsira ntchito kuchipatala.

Mpweya Wapakati Wapakati (IPPV)

Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation ndi njira yodziwika bwino yamakina mpweya wabwino pomwe gawo lopumira limakhala ndi kukakamiza kwabwino, ndipo gawo lopumira limakhala pa zero.Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'anira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika a m'mapapo (COPD) ndi zolephera zina za kupuma.Pogwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza kwabwino, njira ya IPPV imatha kusintha kusinthana kwa gasi ndi mpweya wabwino, kuchepetsa ntchito ya minofu yopuma.

Mpweya Wopanda Mpweya Wopanda Pakasi (IPNPV)

Intermittent Positive-Negative Pressure Ventilation ndi njira ina yodziwika bwino yamakina mpweya wabwino pomwe gawo lopumira limakhala labwino, ndipo gawo lopumira ndikupanikizika koyipa.Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoipa panthawi yopuma kungayambitse kugwa kwa alveolar, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti iatrogenic atelectasis.Chifukwa chake, kusamala kumalangizidwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira ya IPNPV muzochita zamankhwala kuti mupewe zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ndi njira ya mpweya wabwino yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino mosalekeza kunjira ya mpweya pamene wodwalayo amatha kupuma yekha.Njirayi imathandizira kuti patency yapamsewu ikhale yokhazikika pogwiritsira ntchito mulingo wina wa kukakamiza kwabwino panthawi yonse yopuma.CPAP mode imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda monga matenda obanika kutulo komanso neonatal kupuma kovutirapo kuti apititse patsogolo mpweya komanso kuchepetsa kutsika kwa mpweya.

Kupuma Kovomerezeka Kwapang'onopang'ono ndi Kuyanjanitsidwa Kwapakatikati Kovomerezeka Kovomerezeka (IMV/SIMV)

Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV) ndi njira yomwe mpweya wabwino sufuna mpweya woyambitsa wodwala, ndipo nthawi ya mpweya uliwonse siwokhazikika.Komano, Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV), imagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cholumikizira kuti chipereke mpweya wovomerezeka kwa wodwalayo potengera zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale ndikulola wodwalayo kupuma modzidzimutsa popanda kusokonezedwa ndi mpweya wabwino.

Mitundu ya IMV / SIMV imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pomwe kupuma pang'ono kumasungidwa ndi oxygenation yabwino.Njirayi nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) kuti muchepetse ntchito yopuma komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya, potero kupewa kutopa kwa minofu yopuma.

Mandatory Minute Ventilation (MMV)

Kupumira kwa Mpweya Wapang'onopang'ono ndi njira yomwe mpweya wolowera mpweya umapereka mpweya wabwino mosalekeza popanda kupereka mpweya wokakamiza pamene kupuma kwapanthawi yake kumaposa mpweya woikika kale.Mpweya wokhawokha wa wodwalayo ukafika panthaŵi yoikirapo mpweya, makinawo amayambitsa mpweya wovomerezeka kuti awonjezere mpweya wokwanira kufika pamlingo womwe akufuna.MMV mode amalola kusintha potengera kupuma modzidzimutsa kwa wodwala kuti akwaniritse zosowa za kupuma.

Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)

Pressure Support Ventilation ndi njira yopangira mpweya wabwino womwe umapereka chithandizo chodziwikiratu chothandizira panthawi iliyonse yolimbikitsira yomwe wodwalayo amachita.Popereka chithandizo chowonjezera cholimbikitsira, PSV mode imakulitsa kuya kwa kudzoza ndi kuchuluka kwa mafunde, kuchepetsa ntchito yopuma.Nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi SIMV mode ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo loyamwitsa kuti achepetse ntchito yopuma komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya.

Mwachidule, njira zodziwika bwino zamakina opangira mpweya wabwino ndi monga Kupumira Kwapakatikati Kwapakatikati, Kupumira Kwapang'onopang'ono-Koyipa Kwambiri, Kupanikizika Kwapanjira Kwapanjira Yopitilira, Kupumira Kwapakatikati Kofunikira, Kutulutsa Kwapang'onopang'ono Kovomerezeka, Kutulutsa Mpweya Wokwanira Mphindi, ndi Mpweya Wothandizira Kupanikizika.Njira iliyonse imakhala ndi zizindikiro ndi ubwino wake, ndipo akatswiri azachipatala amasankha njira yoyenera malinga ndi momwe wodwalayo alili komanso zosowa zake.Pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira mpweya, madokotala ndi anamwino amapanga kusintha kwanthawi yake ndikuwunika motengera momwe wodwalayo akuyankhira komanso zizindikiro zowunikira kuti atsimikizire kuti mpweya wabwino ukuyenda bwino.