Mawu Oyamba

Pofunafuna ukhondo, zoyesayesa zachiphamaso sizingakhale zokwanira kulimbana ndi zoopsa zobisika za ma virus ndi mabakiteriya.Kuyeretsa mozama ndikofunikira kuti mukhale aukhondo, kaya m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kapena m'chipatala, komwe tanthauzo la kuwongolera matenda silinganyalanyazidwe.

Kuchuluka kwa Matenda a Chipatala

Matenda a m'chipatala ndizochitika zenizeni, ndipo 4.5% ya odwala omwe ali m'chipatala ku US amadwala chaka chilichonse.Poposa chiŵerengero cha imfa zophatikizidwa pamodzi za AIDS, khansa ya m’mawere, ndi ngozi za galimoto, matenda a m’zipatala amakwezera chiŵerengero cha imfa ndi 10.1 peresenti, amatalikitsa nthaŵi yakukhala m’chipatala kwa masiku 14.9, ndipo amawononga ndalama zina zokwana madola 50,000 pa wodwala aliyense.

Nkhani Za Matenda Omwe Zafotokozedwa

M'zaka zaposachedwa, milandu yambiri ya matenda idanenedwa ku China, kuphatikiza kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka HIV mu 2017 pakati pa odwala pachipatala cha Zhejiang, matenda a neonatal 2019 m'chipatala cha Guangdong, komanso matenda a hepatitis C pachipatala cha mzinda wa Jiangsu ku Dongtai.Kuphatikiza apo, mliri womwe ukupitilirawu wadzetsa matenda a nosocomial COVID-19 m'zipatala zingapo.

Alamu ya Kupewa Matenda ndi Kuwongolera

Njira zopewera komanso kupewa matenda ndizofunikira kwambiri m'zipatala.Amagwira ntchito ngati madamu ndi mizere yodzitchinjiriza, kuteteza magwiridwe antchito achipatala.Chipinda chogwirira ntchito ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera matenda, zomwe zimafuna kutsata miyezo yoyang'anira matenda adziko lonse komanso zipatala.Ogwira ntchito opaleshoni, ogonetsa ogonetsa, anamwino, ndi ogwira ntchito zoyeretsa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri powonetsetsa kuti matenda ayamba kukhala chizolowezi pophunzira mosalekeza zamalamulo ndi malamulo.

Kafukufuku Watsopano Wokhudza Kuwongolera Matenda a Anesthesia Department

Kafukufuku wafufuza zovuta zokhudzana ndi matenda mu dipatimenti ya anesthesia.Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa makina opangira opaleshoni adawonetsa kuipitsidwa kwakukulu, ndi 34.7% ya makina ogonetsa onyamula mabakiteriya omwe amalowa kunja, ndi 27.3% akuwonetsa kuipitsidwa pakutumiza kunja.Pambuyo popha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya kunatsika ndi pafupifupi 94.3%, kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ikhale yabwino kwambiri.

Zofooka mu Anesthesia Department Infection Control

Dipatimenti ya anesthesia imakumana ndi zovuta pakuwongolera matenda chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana:

• • Kupanda zizindikiro zoyenera zowunikira zochitika zapachipatala
  • Kusakwanira koyang'anira kuchokera ku madipatimenti ogwira ntchito
  • Zofunikira zosakwanira pakuwongolera matenda a dipatimenti ya anesthesia mu malangizo owongolera
  • Ogwira ntchito osadziwa machitidwe owongolera matenda m'chipatala
  • Kusamvetsetsana pakati pa dipatimenti ya anesthesia ndi matenda a m'chipatala, nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kusasamala.
  • Kukhazikitsidwa mochedwa kwa dipatimenti ya anamwino ya anesthesia

Madera Osatetezeka ndi Momwe Muli Pano pa Kuwongolera Matenda a Anesthesia Department

Magawo ovuta omwe akufunika kuwongolera mu dipatimenti ya opaleshoni yamankhwala amaphatikiza machitidwe aukhondo m'manja, njira za aseptic, kuwonekera kwantchito, ndi njira zodzitetezera.Ukhondo woyenera m'manja ndi wofunika kwambiri, ndipo kutsata kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kutsimikiziridwa.Njira zoberekera zimayenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa, ndikusamalira moyenera zinthu zomwe zili ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda.Kuphatikiza apo, ukhondo ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'makina a anesthesia ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Zowopsa Zokhudza Matenda a Chipatala cha Anesthesia Department

Zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda achipatala mu dipatimenti ya anesthesia:

• • Kusazindikira mokwanira za kupewa ndi kuwongolera matenda
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza machubu a tracheal ndi masamba a laryngoscope
  • Kusatsatira njira za aseptic panthawi ya opaleshoni yokhudzana ndi opaleshoni
  • Chidziwitso chochepa cha njira zodzitetezera pakati pa ogwira ntchito zachipatala
  • Kusakwanira kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
  • Kusagwira bwino zinyalala zachipatala
  • Kusagwiritsa ntchito zosefera mu tracheal chubu
  • Kusakwanira kwa laimu wa soda

Chidziwitso Chosakwanira cha Matenda a Zachipatala

Kusowa chidziwitso chokhudza njira zodzitetezera ndizofunikira kwambiri:

• • Kusatsatiridwa mokwanira ndi kuvala magolovesi, masks opangira opaleshoni, zovala zodzitchinjiriza, ndi mikanjo yodzipatula pa nthawi yowononga
  • Kulephera kutsatira njira zodzitetezera kukhudzana ndi madontho
  • Zolakwika zopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pazida zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga masamba a laryngoscope
  • Kusatsatiridwa kokwanira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zotchingira zosabala za intubation ndi kulemba koyenera kwa mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi.

Ukhondo Wamanja ndi Njira Zodzitetezera

Ukhondo m'manja ndi wofunikira ndipo umaphatikizapo kusamba, kupha m'manja mwaukhondo, komanso opaleshoni yophera tizilombo m'manja.Zizindikiro zaukhondo m'manja zimaphatikizapo "zitatu zisanachitike" ndi "zinayi pambuyo pake."Kutsatira izi kungachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda.

Kulimbitsa Ulamuliro Wowongolera Matenda mu Dipatimenti ya Anesthesia

Kukhazikitsa malamulo, malamulo, ndi kayendedwe ka ntchito ndikofunikira pakuwongolera matenda mu dipatimenti ya anesthesia.Izi zikuphatikiza njira yaukhondo m'manja, njira zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kudzipatula, njira zopangira opaleshoni, komanso maphunziro opitilira, kuyang'anira, ndi kuyang'anira.

Tsatanetsatane wa Kuwongolera Matenda

1. 1. Kumamatira Kwambiri pa Ukhondo Wamanja

• • Njira za Aseptic zimafuna opaleshoni yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'manja
  • Njira zosawononga zimafuna kutsuka ndikutsatiridwa ndi ukhondo wopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'manja
  • Ukhondo m'manja uyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga pambuyo pa kuipitsidwa

1. 2. Kutsata Kwambiri Njira za Aseptic

• • Sungani zinthu zosabala, zaukhondo, ndi zoipitsidwa
  • Zinthu zosabala zotsegulidwa siziyenera kuyikidwa m'malo omwe alibe
  • Njira zowononga kapena kukhudzana ndi mucous nembanemba wodwala kapena khungu lowonongeka kumapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi osabala.
  • Pewani kugwirana chanza ndi kutsogolo kwa machubu a laryngoscope kapena machubu a tracheal

1. 3. Zinthu Zotayidwa: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kumodzi kwa Munthu Mmodzi
   4. Zinthu Zogwiritsidwanso Ntchito

• • Kuyeretsa koyenera, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuyanika, ndi kusunga masamba a laryngoscope ogwiritsidwanso ntchito malinga ndi malangizo.
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito kamodzi kwa munthu m'modzi kumatsimikizira kuti zofunikira za bioburden zikukwaniritsidwa

1. 5. Kuyeretsa Pamwamba pa Zinthu

• • Kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku konyowa kapena 75% mowa kupukuta makafu a kuthamanga kwa magazi, ma stethoscopes, ma probe kutentha, makina opangira opaleshoni, zida zowunikira, malo ogwirira ntchito, ndi makina apakompyuta apachipatala, pogwiritsa ntchito filimu yoteteza ngati kuli kofunikira.

1. 6. Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Anesthesia Machine Circuits

• • Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamakina opangira opaleshoni, mwina kudzera mukunyowetsa mankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga ozoni disinfection kapena alcohol-chlorhexidine aerosol.

Mapeto

Matenda a m'chipatala amaopseza kwambiri chitetezo cha odwala, koma kuwongolera bwino kwa matenda kungachepetse ngozizi.Kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe ka matenda mu dipatimenti ya anesthesia ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa matenda m'chipatala komanso kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira za odwala.Kugogomezera ukhondo woyenera m'manja, njira za aseptic, ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamwamba, pamodzi ndi kuphunzitsa ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo, zidzateteza odwala ndikukwaniritsa ntchito zachipatala.