Makina ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a anesthesia ndi zida zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti odwala ali otetezeka komanso otonthoza panthawi ya opaleshoni.Komabe, amakhalanso pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ngati sichisamalidwa bwino komanso kutetezedwa bwino.Mu bukhuli, tipereka zidziwitso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabwalo opumira a anesthesia, mawonekedwe awo, komanso momwe angasankhire dera loyenera kuchita maopaleshoni osiyanasiyana.Tidzaperekanso tsatanetsatane wa njira zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zinthu zinazake kapena makina omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito popha tizilombo.Kuphatikiza apo, tidzakambirana zodetsa nkhawa komanso mafunso okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina ogonetsa anthu odwala COVID-19 ndikupereka malingaliro ochepetsa kufala.
Mitundu ya makina ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Anesthesia
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mabwalo opumira a anesthesia: otseguka ndi otsekedwa.Mabwalo otseguka, omwe amadziwikanso kuti mabwalo osapumira, amalola kuti mpweya wotuluka mumlengalenga uthawire chilengedwe.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zazifupi kapena kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mapapu athanzi.Koma mabwalo otsekedwa amatenga mpweya wotuluka ndi kuubwezeretsanso kwa wodwalayo.Ndioyenera kwa nthawi yayitali kapena odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mapapu.
M'magulu awiriwa, pali ma subtypes angapo, kuphatikiza:
1. Mapleson A/B/C/D: Awa ndi mabwalo otseguka omwe amasiyana ndi mapangidwe awo ndi kayendedwe ka gasi.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anesthesia yopuma modzidzimutsa.
2. Bain circuit: Iyi ndi semi-open circuit yomwe imalola kuti mpweya uziyenda modzidzimutsa komanso woyendetsedwa bwino.
3. Dongosolo lozungulira: Ichi ndi chozungulira chotsekedwa chomwe chimakhala ndi mpweya wa CO2 ndi thumba lopuma.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anesthesia yoyendetsedwa ndi mpweya wabwino.
Kusankha dera loyenerera kumadalira pa zifukwa zingapo, monga mmene wodwalayo alili, mtundu wa opaleshoniyo, ndi zokonda za dokotala wogonetsa.
Njira Zopha tizilombo
Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda moyenerera pamakina ndi zida za anesthesia ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tipewe kufalikira kwa matenda.Njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:
1. Yeretsani pamalo ndi sopo kuti muchotse litsiro ndi zinyalala zooneka.
2. Phatikizanipo mankhwala ophera tizilombo ovomerezeka ndi EPA.
3. Lolani kuti pakhale mpweya wouma.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo amatha kuwononga zida zina kapena zigawo za makina opumira a anesthesia.Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi malangizo a Mlengi wa njira yeniyeni disinfection ndi mankhwala.
Mavuto a COVID-19
Kugwiritsa ntchitomakina opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a anesthesiakwa odwala a COVID-19 amadzutsa nkhawa za kufalikira kwa kachilomboka kudzera mu ma aerosol omwe amapangidwa panthawi ya intubation ndi extubation.Kuchepetsa chiopsezochi, njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitidwa:
1. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyenera zodzitetezera (PPE), kuphatikiza zopumira za N95, magolovesi, mikanjo, ndi zishango zakumaso.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito mabwalo otsekedwa ngati kuli kotheka.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito zosefera za air-effective particulate air (HEPA) kuti mugwire ma aerosols.
4. Lolani nthawi yokwanira yosinthira mpweya pakati pa odwala.
Mapeto
Kusamalira moyenera, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi zida za anesthesia ndizofunikira pachitetezo cha odwala komanso kuwongolera matenda m'malo azachipatala.Anesthesiologists ayenera kudziwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabwalo opumira ndikusankha yoyenera kwa wodwala aliyense komanso opaleshoni.Ayeneranso kutsatira njira zoyenera zophera tizilombo komanso kuchitapo kanthu kuti achepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka COVID-19.
