Kalozera Wokwanira wa Miyezo Yapadziko Lonse, Masiyana, ndi Mapindu

Zipangizo zamankhwala zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazachipatala, kuthandiza madokotala kuzindikira, kuchiza, ndikuwunika odwala.Komabe, ngati zida zachipatala sizinabadwe moyenerera, zimatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu mwa kusamutsa mabakiteriya owopsa, ma virus, ndi tizirombo tina.Kuti atsimikizire chitetezo chazida zamankhwala, opanga amayenera kutsatira njira zoletsa zoletsa.M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana milingo itatu ya sterility ya zida zamankhwala, mitundu yofananira, komanso miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi yomwe imatanthauzira.Tidzafufuzanso ubwino wa mlingo uliwonse ndi momwe amatsimikizira chitetezo cha zipangizo zamankhwala.

Kodi milingo itatu ya sterility ndi yotani?

Miyezo itatu ya kusabereka kwa zida zachipatala ndi:

Chosabala: Kachipangizo kameneka kalibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuphatikizapo mabakiteriya, mavairasi, mafangasi, ndi spores.Kutseketsa kumachitika kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nthunzi, mpweya wa ethylene oxide, ndi ma radiation.

Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Kachipangizo kamene kamapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwambiri kalibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kupatulapo tizilombo tating’onoting’ono ta bakiteriya.Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwapamwamba kwambiri kumatheka kudzera mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira zakuthupi monga kutentha.

Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda apakati: Chipangizo chomwe chimapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chapakati chilibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuphatikizapo mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi mafangasi.Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda apakati kumatheka kudzera mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi yatanthauzo la magawo atatu a sterility

Muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi womwe umatanthawuza milingo itatu yoletsa kuletsa pazida zachipatala ndi ISO 17665. ISO 17665 imatchula zofunikira pakupanga, kutsimikizira, ndi kuwongolera mwachizolowezi njira yoletsa pazida zachipatala.Limaperekanso chitsogozo pakusankha njira yoyenera yoletsa kulera potengera zomwe chipangizocho chili nacho, kapangidwe kake, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake.

Kodi magawo atatu a sterility amafanana ndi magulu ati?

Miyezo ya magawo atatu a sterility pazida zamankhwala ndi:

Wosabala: Chipangizo chopanda chiberekero chimakhala ndi sterility assurance level (SAL) ya 10^-6, kutanthauza kuti pali mwayi umodzi mwa milioni imodzi kuti tizilombo tomwe titha kukhalapo tipezeke pa chipangizocho pambuyo potseketsa.

Kupha tizilombo tating'onoting'ono: Chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chimakhala ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa chipika ndi 6, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa chipangizocho chimachepetsedwa ndi milioni imodzi.

Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda apakati: Chipangizo chomwe chimapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chapakati chimakhala ndi chipika chocheperachepera 4, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa chipangizocho chachepetsedwa ndi chiwerengero cha zikwi khumi.

Ubwino wa magawo atatu a sterility

Miyezo itatu ya sterility ya zida zachipatala imatsimikizira kuti zida zachipatala zilibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda ndi kufalikira.Zida zosabala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maopaleshoni, pomwe kuipitsidwa kulikonse kungayambitse matenda oopsa.Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwapamwamba kwambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zofunikira kwambiri, monga ma endoscopes, zomwe zimakumana ndi mucous nembanemba koma osalowamo.Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda apakati kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zosafunikira kwambiri, monga ma cuffs a kuthamanga kwa magazi, zomwe zimakumana ndi khungu lomwe silili bwino.Pogwiritsa ntchito milingo yoyenera yoletsa kulera, akatswiri azachipatala amatha kuonetsetsa kuti odwala amatetezedwa ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Chidule

Mwachidule, magawo atatu a sterility pazida zamankhwala ndi osabala, opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda apakati.Miyezo imeneyi imaonetsetsa kuti zipangizo zamankhwala zilibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndi kuipitsidwa.ISO 17665 ndi muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi womwe umatanthauzira zofunikira pakukulitsa, kutsimikizira, ndi kuwongolera mwachizolowezi njira yoletsa kubereka pazida zamankhwala.Miyezo ya magawo atatu a sterility imagwirizana ndi SAL ya 10 ^ -6 pazida zosabala, kutsika kwa chipika ndi 6 kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso kutsika kwa chipika cha 4 pakuphatikizira kwapakatikati.Potsatira milingo yoyenera yoletsa kulera, akatswiri azachipatala amatha kuonetsetsa kuti odwala akutetezedwa ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo zida zamankhwala ndizotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito.