Intangiriro

Mugukurikirana isuku, imbaraga zidasanzwe ntizishobora kuba zihagije mukurwanya mikorobe zihishe hamwe na bagiteri.Isuku ryimbitse ningirakamaro kugirango isuku ikorwe neza, haba mubuzima bwa buri munsi cyangwa mubitaro, aho akamaro ko kurwanya indwara kidashobora gusuzugurwa.

Ikwirakwizwa ry'indwara zo mu bitaro

Kwandura ibitaro bifitanye isano nukuri, aho 4.5% byabarwayi bari mubitaro muri Amerika bandura buri mwaka.Kurenga umubare w'abantu bahitanwa na sida, kanseri y'ibere, n'impanuka z’imodoka, indwara z’ibitaro zongera umubare w'impfu ku 10.1%, ibitaro bikomeza kumara iminsi 14.9, kandi byiyongeraho $ 50.000 ku murwayi mu kwivuza.

Raporo Yerekeye Indwara

Mu myaka yashize, mu Bushinwa hagaragaye ibibazo byinshi by’ubwandu, harimo icyorezo cya virusi itera SIDA mu 2017 mu barwayi bo mu bitaro bya Zhejiang, icyorezo cya neonatal 2019 mu bitaro bya Guangdong, ndetse n'indwara ya hepatite C mu bitaro byo mu mujyi wa Dongtai wa Jiangsu.Byongeye kandi, icyorezo gikomeje gutera indwara zanduye COVID-19 mu bitaro byinshi.

Imenyekanisha ryo gukumira no kurwanya indwara

Ingamba zo gukumira no kurwanya indwara ni ngombwa mu bitaro.Bakora nk'ingomero n'imirongo yo kwirwanaho, birinda imikorere isanzwe ya serivisi z'ubuvuzi.Icyumba cyo gukoreramo ni ahantu h'ingenzi hagamijwe kurwanya ubwandu, bisaba kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gucunga indwara z’igihugu n’ibitaro.Abakozi bo kubaga, anesthesiologiste, abaforomo, n'abakozi bashinzwe isuku bafite uruhare runini mu kugenzura ko kwandura indwara biba akamenyero binyuze mu burezi buhoraho bw’amategeko n’amabwiriza.

Ubushakashatsi buriho kuri Anesthesia Ishami rishinzwe kurwanya indwara

Ubushakashatsi bwakoze ubushakashatsi ku mpungenge ziterwa no kwandura mu ishami rya anesteziya.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku mashini ya anesthesia yanduye bwerekanye ko umwanda mwinshi, aho 34.7% y’imashini zitera anesteziya zitwara bagiteri zimaze gutumizwa mu mahanga, naho 27.3% zikerekana ko zanduye mu gihe cyoherezwa mu mahanga.Nyuma yo kwanduza neza, umubare wa bagiteri wagabanutse ku kigereranyo cya 94.3%, bigatera imbere cyane kwanduza indwara.

Intege nke muri Anesthesia Ishami rishinzwe kurwanya indwara

Ishami rya anesthesia rihura ningorane zo kurwanya indwara bitewe nimpamvu zitandukanye:

• • Kubura ibipimo ngenderwaho bifatika byo kwandura ibitaro
  • Imbaraga zubugenzuzi zidahagije ziva mumashami akora
  • Ibisabwa bidahagije kugirango ishami rya anesthesia ryandure mu mabwiriza yubuyobozi
  • Abakozi batamenyereye sisitemu yo gucunga kwandura ibitaro
  • Kudasobanukirwa n'akamaro hagati y'ishami rya anesteziya n'indwara zanduye, akenshi biganisha ku kutanyurwa
  • Gutinda gushiraho amashami yubuforomo ya anesthesia

Uturere dufite intege nke nuburyo bugezweho bwa Anesthesia Ishami rishinzwe kurwanya indwara

Ibice by'ingenzi bikeneye kunozwa mu ishami rya anesteziya harimo imyitozo yisuku yintoki, tekiniki ya aseptic, guhura nakazi, hamwe nubwitonzi busanzwe.Isuku y'intoki ikwiye ni ikintu cy'ibanze gisabwa, kandi kubahiriza bigomba gukurikiranwa no kubahirizwa.Uburyo bwa sterile bugomba gukurikizwa byimazeyo, hitawe ku gufata neza ibintu byanduye kandi byanduye uko bikwiye.Byongeye kandi, isuku no kwanduza imashini za anesteziya bifite akamaro kanini.

Ibintu bishobora gutera indwara zanduye Anesthesia

Impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutera kwandura ibitaro mu ishami rya anesteziya:

• • Kumenyekanisha kudahagije kwirinda no kurwanya indwara
  • Gukoresha inshuro nyinshi imiyoboro ya tracheal na laryngoscope
  • Kudakurikiza tekinike ya aseptic mugihe kijyanye na anesteziya
  • Kumenya neza ingamba zo kurinda umuntu ku bakozi
  • Kurandura bidahagije ibikoresho byubuvuzi
  • Gufata nabi imyanda yo kwa muganga
  • Kubura gukoresha akayunguruzo mu miyoboro ya tracheal
  • Gusimbuza soda idahagije

Ubumenyi budahagije bwo kwandura ibitaro

Ubumenyi buke bujyanye no kwirinda ni ikibazo gikomeye:

• • Kubahiriza bidahagije kwambara uturindantoki, masike yo kubaga, kwambara ijisho ririnda, hamwe namakanzu yo kwigunga mugihe cyo gutera
  • Kunanirwa kubahiriza itumanaho no kwirinda
  • Uburyo bwo kwanduza nabi ibikoresho bikoreshwa, nka laryngoscope
  • Kubahiriza bidahagije gukoresha drape sterile kugirango intubation no gushyiramo ibimenyetso neza imiti ya anesthesia

Isuku y'intoki hamwe no kwirinda

Isuku y'intoki ni ingenzi kandi ikubiyemo gukaraba, kwanduza intoki, no kubaga intoki.Ibimenyetso byerekana isuku yintoki birimo "bitatu mbere" na "bine nyuma."Gukurikiza iyi myitozo birashobora kugabanya cyane ingaruka zandura.

Gushimangira imicungire y’indwara mu ishami rya Anesthesia

Gushiraho amategeko yuzuye, amabwiriza, hamwe nakazi keza ni ngombwa mugucunga indwara zanduye muri anesthesia.Ibi birimo sisitemu yisuku yintoki, kwanduza no kwihererana protocole, tekinoroji yo gukora sterile, hamwe nuburezi buhoraho, kugenzura, no kugenzura.

Ibisobanuro byihariye byo kurwanya indwara

1. 1. Gukurikiza byimazeyo Isuku y'intoki

• • Uburyo bwa Aseptic busaba kubaga intoki
  • Uburyo budatera imbaraga busaba gukaraba hakurikiraho kwanduza intoki
  • Isuku y'intoki igomba gukorwa vuba nyuma yo kwanduzwa

1. 2. Kwubahiriza byimazeyo tekinike ya Aseptic

• • Komeza ibintu bitanduye, bisukuye, kandi byanduye bitandukanye
  • Ibikoresho byafunguwe ntibigomba gushyirwa ahantu hatari sterile
  • Uburyo butagaragara cyangwa guhura nindwara yumurwayi wumurwayi cyangwa uruhu rwangiritse bisaba gukoresha uturindantoki twa sterile
  • Irinde guhura n'intoki n'imbere y'imbere ya laryngoscope cyangwa imiyoboro ya tracheal

1. 3. Ibintu byajugunywe: Imikoreshereze imwe kumuntu umwe
   4. Ibintu Byakoreshwa

• • Gusukura neza, kwanduza, kumisha, no kubika ibyuma byongera gukoreshwa na laryngoscope nkuko amabwiriza abiteganya
  • Imikoreshereze imwe kumuntu umwe yemeza ko ibisabwa bioburden byujujwe

1. 5. Isuku yo hejuru yibintu

• • Gusukura buri munsi cyangwa 75% inzoga zihanagura umuvuduko wamaraso, stethoskopi, ubushakashatsi bwubushyuhe, imashini ya anesteziya, ibikoresho byo gukurikirana, aho bakorera, hamwe na clavier ya mudasobwa, ukoresheje firime ikingira aho bikenewe

1. 6. Kurandura imiyoboro ya Anesthesia

• • Gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zikwiye zo kwanduza imashini ya anesthesia, haba mu gushiramo imiti cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho byabugenewe byangiza nka ozone cyangwa alcool-chlorhexidine aerosol

Umwanzuro

Indwara z’ibitaro zigaragaza ingaruka zikomeye ku mutekano w’abarwayi, ariko kurwanya indwara neza birashobora kugabanya izo ngaruka.Gushimangira imicungire y’indwara mu ishami rya anesteziya ni ngombwa mu kugabanya ubwandu bw’ibitaro no kongera umusaruro w’abarwayi.Gushimangira isuku ikwiye y'intoki, tekinike ya aseptic, hamwe no kwanduza indwara, hamwe no kwigisha abakozi bashinzwe ubuzima, bizarinda abarwayi kandi bitezimbere serivisi zita ku buzima.