Kubvisa utachiona pamvura yekunwa kunoshanda chinangwa chakakosha-kubvisa huwandu hwakawanda hwehutachiona hunokuvadza, kusanganisira mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, uye protozoa, kudzivirira kupararira kwezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemvura.Nepo kuuraya utachiona kusingabvisi hutachiona hwese, hunova nechokwadi chekuti njodzi yezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemvura inodzikiswa kusvika pamazinga anoonekwa anogamuchirwa pasi pemaitiro ehutachiona.Sterilization, kune rumwe rutivi, inoreva kubvisa tupukanana turipo mumvura, nepo disinfection inonangana nechikamu chakakura chehutachiona hwepathogenic, kuderedza njodzi dzine chekuita nezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemvura.
Evolution yeDisinfection Techniques
Pasati pasati pasvika pakati pezana ramakore rechi 19, pakatangwa dzidziso yebhakitiriya pathogenic, kunhuwa kwaionekwa senzira yekutapurirana kwechirwere, zvichipesvedzera kuvandudzwa kwemvura netsvina yekuuraya utachiona.
Disinfection Nzira dzekunwa Mvura
Kuuraya utachiona hwepanyama
Nzira dzemuviri dzakadai sekudziisa, kusefa, ultraviolet (UV) mwaranzi, uye neradiation dzinoshandiswa.Mvura inofashaira yakajairika, inoshanda pakurapa diki-diki, nepo nzira dzekusefa dzakaita sejecha, asbestos, kana fiber vhiniga mafirita anobvisa bhakitiriya pasina kuvauraya.Mwaranzi yeUV, kunyanya mukati meiyo 240-280nm renji, inoratidzira zvine simba germicidal properties, inokodzera huwandu hwemvura, uchishandisa yakananga kana sleeve-mhando yeUV disinfectors.
UV Disinfection
Mwaranzi yeUV iri pakati pe200-280nm inouraya utachiona zvakanaka pasina kushandisa makemikari, ichiwana mukurumbira nekuda kwekushanda kwayo mukudzora zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere.
Kemikari Disinfection
Kemikari disinfectants zvinosanganisira chlorination, chloramines, chlorine dioxide, uye ozone.
Chlorine Compounds
Chlorination, nzira yakagamuchirwa nevakawanda, inoratidza yakasimba, yakagadzikana, uye inodhura-inoshanda germicidal properties, inoshandiswa zvinobudirira mukurapa mvura.Chloramine, inotorwa kubva kuklorini uye ammonia, inochengetedza kuravira kwemvura uye ruvara ine yakaderera oxidative kugona asi inoda maitiro akaomarara uye yakanyanya kudzika.
Chlorine Dioxide
Inoonekwa semushonga wekuuraya utachiona wechizvarwa chechina, chlorine dioxide inodarika chlorine muzvinhu zvakawanda, ichiratidza kuuraya utachiona kuri nani, kubvisa kuravira, uye kudzikisa carcinogenic byproducts.Haina kukanganiswa nekupisa kwemvura uye inoratidza hukuru hwehutachiona hwehutachiona pamvura isina kunaka.
Ozone Disinfection
Ozone, oxidizer inoshanda, inopa yakafara-spectrum microbial eradication.Nekudaro, inoshaya hupenyu hurefu, kugadzikana, uye inoda hunyanzvi hwekutarisa uye kutonga, inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira mvura yemabhodhoro.
Pazasi pane mwero wepasi rose wekuuraya hutachiona hwemvura yekunwa
Iyo yemahara chlorine index inoda ndeiyi: nguva yekusangana nemvura ≥ maminitsi makumi matatu, mvura yefekitori uye inogumira mvura inogumira ≤ 2 mg/L, fekitori mvura margin ≥ 0.3 mg/L, uye magumo emvura margin ≥ 0.05 mg/L.
Iyo yakazara chlorine index inoda ndeiyi: nguva yekusangana nemvura ≥ 120 maminetsi, muganhu wekukosha kwemvura yemufekitori uye mvura inopera ≤ 3 mg/L, fekitori mvura yakasara ≥ 0.5 mg/L, uye kupera kwemvura yakasara ≥ 0.05 mg/L.
Iyo ozone index inodiwa ndeiyi: nguva yekusangana nemvura ≥ maminitsi gumi nemaviri, mvura yemufekitori uye inogumira mvura inogumira ≤ 0.3 mg/L, inosara yemvura inosara ≥ 0.02 mg/L, kana dzimwe nzira dzekubatana dzekuuraya hutachiona dzichishandiswa, muganho wekuuraya hutachiona uye zvakasara Izvo zvinoenderana zvinodiwa zvinofanira kuzadzikiswa.
Chlorine dioxide index zvinodiwa ndezvi: nguva yekuonana nemvura ≥ maminitsi makumi matatu, mvura yefekitari uye muganhu wemvura inopera ≤ 0.8 mg / L, chiyero chemvura yefekitari ≥ 0.1 mg / L, uye chiyero chemvura inopera ≥ 0.02 mg / L.
