Selelekela

Ha re ntse re phehella bohloeki, boiteko bo ka holimo bo ka 'na ba se ke ba lekana ho loantša likotsi tse patehileng tsa likokoana-hloko le tsa baktheria.Ho hloekisa ka botebo hoa hlokahala ho netefatsa bohloeki bo sebetsang, ebang ke bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi kapa maemong a sepetlele, moo bohlokoa ba ho laola tšoaetso bo ke keng ba khelloa fatše.

Ho ata ha Mafu a Lipetlele

Tšoaetso ea lipetlele ke 'nete e mabapi le' nete, 'me 4.5% ea bakuli ba sepetlele United States e ameha selemo le selemo.Ho feta palo e kopantseng ea mafu a AIDS, kankere ea matsoele, le likotsi tsa likoloi, tšoaetso ea sepetlele e phahamisa palo ea batho ba shoang ka 10,1%, e lelefatsa nako ea ho lula sepetlele ka matsatsi a 14,9, ’me e kenya liranta tse eketsehileng tse 50 000 bakeng sa litšenyehelo tsa meriana.

Maemo a Tlalehileng a Tšoaetso

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho tlalehiloe liketsahalo tse 'maloa tsa ts'oaetso Chaena, ho kenyelletsa le ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso ea HIV ea 2017 har'a bakuli sepetleleng sa Zhejiang, ketsahalo ea 2019 ea ts'oaetso ea masea sepetlele sa Guangdong, le ts'oaetso ea hepatitis C sepetleleng sa Jiangsu's Dongtai.Ho feta moo, seoa se ntseng se tsoela pele se lebisitse ho ts'oaetso ea nosocomial COVID-19 lipetleleng tse ngata.

Alamo bakeng sa Thibelo le Taolo ea Tšoaetso

Mehato ea thibelo le taolo ea tšoaetso ke ea bohlokoa lipetlele.Li sebetsa joalo ka matamo le mehala ea ts'ireletso, li sireletsa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea lits'ebeletso tsa bongaka.Kamore ea ts'ebetso ke sebaka sa bohlokoa bakeng sa taolo ea tšoaetso, e hlokang ho khomarela litekanyetso tsa tsamaiso ea ts'oaetso ea naha le sepetlele.Basebeletsi ba liopereishene, lingaka tse robatsang ka lithethefatsi, baoki le basebetsi ba hloekisang ba phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore taolo ea tšoaetso e fetoha tloaelo ka thuto e tsoelang pele ea molao le taolo.

Lipatlisiso tse teng mabapi le Taolo ea Tšoaetso ea Lefapha la Anesthesia

Liphuputso li hlahlobile mathata a amanang le ts'oaetso lefapheng la anesthesia.Patlisiso mabapi le tšilafalo ea potoloho ea mochini oa anesthesia e senotse maemo a phahameng a tšilafalo, 'me 34.7% ea mechini ea anesthesia e nkileng libaktheria ha e tsoa, ​​le 27.3% e bonts'a tšilafalo nakong ea kantle ho naha.Kamora ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka nepo, palo ea libaktheria e theohile ka karolelano ea 94.3%, e leng ho ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko.

Mefokolo Lefapheng la Anesthesia Taolo ea Tšoaetso

Lefapha la anesthesia le tobane le mathata a taolo ea ts'oaetso ka lebaka la lintlha tse fapaneng:

• • Khaello ea matšoao a bohlokoa a tlhahlobo bakeng sa ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso ea sepetlele
  • Boiteko bo sa lekaneng ba bolebeli bo tsoang mafapheng a sebetsang
  • Litlhoko tse sa lekaneng bakeng sa taolo ea ts'oaetso ea lefapha la anesthesia litataisong tsa tsamaiso
  • Basebeletsi ba se nang tsebo le mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea ts'oaetso ea sepetlele
  • Ho se utloisisane ka bohlokoa pakeng tsa mafapha a anesthesia le mafu a sepetlele, hangata a lebisang ho khotsofalo.
  • Ho theoa ha morao ha litsi tsa booki tsa lefapha la anesthesia

Libaka tse Kotsing le Boemo ba Hona Joale ba Lefapha la Anesthesia Taolo ea Tšoaetso

Libaka tse mahlonoko tse hlokang ntlafatso lefapheng la anesthesia li kenyelletsa mekhoa ea bohloeki ba matsoho, mekhoa ea aseptic, ho pepeseha mosebetsing, le litemoso tse tloaelehileng.Bohloeki bo nepahetseng ba matsoho ke tlhokahalo ea motheo, 'me ho lumellana ho tlameha ho behoa leihlo le ho netefatsoa.Mekhoa e sa hloekang e tlameha ho lateloa ka thata, ho hlokomeloe ho sebetsana le lintho tse hloekisitsoeng le tse silafetseng ka nepo.Ho feta moo, bohloeki le ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa mechine ea anesthesia ke tsa bohlokoa haholo.

Lintlha tsa Kotsi bakeng sa Ts'oaetso ea Sepetlele sa Lefapha la Anesthesia

Mabaka a 'maloa a kotsi a kenya letsoho ho ts'oaetso ea sepetlele lefapheng la anesthesia:

• • Tlhokomeliso e sa lekaneng ea thibelo le taolo ea tšoaetso
  • Tšebeliso e pheta-phetoang ea li-tubes tsa tracheal le mahare a laryngoscope
  • Ho se khomarele mekhoa ea aseptic nakong ea mekhoa e amanang le anesthesia
  • Tlhokomeliso e tlase ea mehato ea ts'ireletso ea botho har'a basebetsi ba bongaka
  • Ho se lekane ho thibela likokoana-hloko lisebelisoa tsa bongaka
  • Tšebeliso e fosahetseng ea litšila tsa bongaka
  • Khaello ea tšebeliso ea li-filters ka har'a methapo ea tracheal
  • Phetoho e sa lekaneng ea lime ea soda

Tsebo e Lekaneng ea Mafu a Lipetlele

Ho hloka tsebo mabapi le mehato e tloaelehileng ea tšireletso ke taba ea bohlokoa:

• • Ho se latele ka nepo ho roala liatlana, limaske tsa ho buoa, liaparo tsa mahlo tse sireletsang, le mese ea ho itšehla thajana nakong ea ts'ebetso e hlaselang.
  • Ho hloleha ho ela hloko mehato ya ho itshireletsa ya ho kopana le marothodi
  • Mekhoa e fosahetseng ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ka sebelisoang hape, joalo ka li-blade tsa laryngoscope
  • Ho se lumellane ho lekaneng ha ho sebelisoa li-drapes tse sterile bakeng sa ho intubation le ho ngola ka nepo lithethefatsi tsa anesthesia.

Bohloeki ba Matsoho le Litlhokomelo tse Tloaelehileng

Bohloeki ba matsoho bo bohlokoa 'me bo kenyelletsa ho hlatsoa matsoho, bohloeki ho bolaea likokoana-hloko le ho thibela likokoana-hloko ka matsoho.Matšoao a khethehileng a bohloeki ba matsoho a kenyelletsa "boraro pele" le "bane ka morao."Ho khomarela litloaelo tsena ho ka fokotsa haholo likotsi tsa tšoaetso.

Ho Matlafatsa Taolo ea Tšoaetso ea Tšoaetso Lefapheng la Anesthesia

Ho theha melao e felletseng, melaoana, le phallo ea mosebetsi ho bohlokoa bakeng sa taolo ea ts'oaetso lefapheng la anesthesia.Sena se kenyelletsa sistimi ea bohloeki ba matsoho, liprothokholo tsa ho thibela likokoana-hloko le ho itšehla thajana, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso e hlabang, le thuto e tsoelang pele, tlhahlobo le tlhokomelo.

Lintlha tse khethehileng tsa Taolo ea Tšoaetso

1. 1. Ho Khomarela ka Thata Bohloeki ba Matsoho

• • Ts'ebetso ea Aseptic e hloka ho buoa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka letsoho
  • Mekhoa e sa hlaseleng e hloka ho hlatsuoa ho lateloe ke ho hlatsoa matsoho ka bohloeki
  • Bohloeki ba matsoho bo lokela ho etsoa hang ka mor'a ho silafala

1. 2. Tlhokomelo e tiileng ea mekhoa ea Aseptic

• • Boloka lintho tse hloekileng, tse hloekileng, le tse silafetseng li arohane
  • Lintho tse hloekisitsoeng tse butsoeng ha lia lokela ho behoa libakeng tse sa hloekang
  • Mekhoa e hlaselang kapa ho kopana le lera la mokuli kapa letlalo le senyehileng ho hloka hore ho sebelisoe liatlana tse nyopa.
  • Qoba ho kopana ka letsoho le ntlha e ka pele ea mahare a laryngoscope kapa methapo ea tracheal

1. 3. Lintho tse Lahloang: Tšebeliso e le 'ngoe Bakeng sa Motho a le Mong
   4. Lintho tse ka sebelisoang hape

• • Ho hloekisa ka nepo, ho bolaea likokoana-hloko, ho omisa, le ho boloka li-blade tsa laryngoscope tse ka sebelisoang hape ho latela litataiso.
  • Tšebeliso e le 'ngoe bakeng sa motho a le mong e tiisa hore litlhoko tsa bioburden lia finyelloa

1. 5. Ho Hloekisa Sebaka sa Lintho

• • Ho hloekisoa ha metsi letsatsi le leng le le leng kapa 75% ea joala ea ho hlakola likhase tsa khatello ea mali, li-stethoscopes, lisebelisoa tsa mocheso, mechine ea anesthesia, lisebelisoa tsa ho shebella, li-workstations le lik'homphieutha tsa sebakeng sa bongaka, ho sebelisa filimi e sireletsang moo ho hlokahalang.

1. 6. Disinfection ea Lipotoloho tsa Mochini oa Anesthesia

• • Ho kenya ts'ebetsong mehato e nepahetseng ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko bakeng sa li-circuits tsa mochini oa anesthesia, ebang ke ka ho kolobisoa ke lik'hemik'hale kapa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa ho thibela likokoana-hloko tse kang ozone kapa alco-chlorhexidine aerosol.

Qetello

Tšoaetso ea lipetlele e fana ka tšokelo e khōlō tšireletsehong ea mokuli, empa taolo e sebetsang ea tšoaetso e ka fokotsa likotsi tsena.Ho matlafatsa taolo ea ts'oaetso lefapheng la anesthesia ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fokotsa ts'oaetso ea tšoaetso ea sepetlele le ho ntlafatsa liphello tsa mokuli.Ho totobatsa bohloeki bo nepahetseng ba matsoho, mekhoa ea aseptic, le ho thibela likokoana-hloko holim'a metsi, hammoho le ho ruta basebeletsi ba tsa bophelo bo botle, ho tla sireletsa bakuli le ho ntlafatsa litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle.