The transmission route is the way pathogens spread from the infectious source to susceptible people.
The main transmission routes are as follows:
a. Contact transmission: It is the most common and important mode of transmission of hospital infection, including direct contact transmission and indirect contact transmission. Common contact-transmitted diseases include intestinal infections, multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, skin infections, etc.
b. Airborne transmission: Microparticles (diameter ≤ 5 μm) carrying pathogenic microorganisms spread diseases through air flow. Common airborne diseases include tuberculosis, chickenpox, measles, etc.
c.Droplet transmission: refers to the spread of diseases caused by droplet nuclei (diameter > 5 μm) carrying pathogenic microorganisms moving in the air over a short distance (within 1 m) to the oral, nasal mucosa or conjunctiva of susceptible people, such as influenza, new coronavirus, viral mumps, whooping cough, diphtheria, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, etc.
d.Waterborne transmission: Waterborne pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella, and nontuberculous mycobacteria are also transmitted through contact or medical supplies.
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