Umatshini wokuphefumla sisixhobo sonyango esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo esinceda okanye sithabathel’ indawo ukusebenza kwesigulane sokuphefumla.Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-ventilator, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokungenisa umoya ngoomatshini onokukhetha kuzo, nganye ineempawu ezithile kunye neenzuzo.Eli nqaku liza kwazisa iindlela ezintandathu eziqhelekileyo zokungenisa umoya ngoomatshini kunye nokuphonononga izicelo zabo zeklinikhi.

Ukuphefumla ngoxinzelelo olungethuba olulungileyo (IPPV)

I-Intermittent Positive Positive Ventilation yindlela eqhelekileyo yokungenisa umoya ngomatshini apho isigaba sokuphefumula sinoxinzelelo oluhle, kwaye isigaba sokuphelelwa umoya sinoxinzelelo lwe-zero.Le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulawuleni izigulane ezinezifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga (COPD) kunye nezinye iintsilelo zokuphefumula.Ngokusebenzisa uxinzelelo olulungileyo, imodi ye-IPPV inokuphucula ukutshintshiselwa kwegesi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-ventilation, ukunciphisa umthwalo wokusebenza kwimisipha yokuphefumula.

Ukuphefumla ngeThutyana kwePositive Positive-Negative Pressure (IPNPV)

I-Intermittent Positive-Negative Pressure Ventilation yenye indlela eqhelekileyo yokungena komoya womatshini apho isigaba sokuphefumula sinoxinzelelo oluhle, kwaye isigaba sokuphelelwa umoya sixinzelelo olubi.Ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo olubi ngexesha lesigaba sokuphelelwa umoya kunokukhokelela ekuweni kwe-alveolar, okubangela iatrogenic atelectasis.Ngoko ke, ukulumkisa kucetyiswa xa usebenzisa imodi ye-IPNPV kwindlela yokusebenza yeklinikhi ukuze ugweme imiphumo emibi enokubakho.

Uxinzelelo lwendlela yomoya eqhubekayo (CPAP)

Uxinzelelo lwendlela yomoya eqhubekayo yindlela yokuphuma komoya ngoomatshini ethi isebenzise uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo olulungileyo kwindlela yomoya ngelixa isigulana sisakwazi ukuphefumla ngokuzenzekelayo.Le ndlela inceda ukugcina i-patency yomoya ngokusebenzisa inqanaba elithile loxinzelelo oluhle kuwo wonke umjikelo wokuphefumla.Imowudi ye-CPAP iqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimeko ezinjenge-sleep apnea syndrome kunye ne-neonatal breathing distress syndrome ukuphucula i-oxygenation kunye nokunciphisa i-hypoventilation.

Ukungenisa komoya okunyanzelwayo okuNgaphakathi kunye nokuVunywana okuNyanzelwayo okuNgaphakathi okunyanzelwayo (IMV/SIMV)

I-Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV) yindlela apho i-ventilator ayifuni ukuphefumla okubangelwa yisigulane, kwaye ubude bokuphefumula ngalunye alutshintshi.I-synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (i-SIMV), ngakolunye uhlangothi, isebenzisa isixhobo sokuvumelanisa ukuhambisa ukuphefumula okunyanzelekileyo kwisigulane ngokusekelwe kwimimiselo yokuphefumula kwangaphambili ngelixa ivumela isigulane ukuba siphefumle ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwi-ventilator.

Iindlela ze-IMV / SIMV zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiimeko apho amazinga aphantsi okuphefumula agcinwa kunye ne-oksijeni enhle.Le modi isoloko idibaniswa ne-Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-oksijini, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela ukukhathala kwemisipha yokuphefumula.

Ukungenisa umoya ngomzuzu osiSinyanzelo (MMV)

Umzuzu onyanzelekileyo Ukuphefumla umoya yindlela apho i-ventilator ibonelela ngoxinzelelo oluqinisekileyo oluqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuhambisa ukuphefumla okunyanzelekileyo xa izinga lokuphefumla elizenzekelayo lidlula umzuzu obekiweyo wokungena komoya.Xa umyinge wokuphefumla ozenzekelayo ufikelela kwimizuzu ebekiweyo yokuphefumla, i-ventilator iqalisa ukuphefumla okunyanzelekileyo ukunyusa umoya wokungena komoya womzuzu ukuya kwinqanaba elifunekayo.Imowudi ye-MMV ivumela uhlengahlengiso olusekelwe ekuphefumleni okuzenzekelayo kwesigulane ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuphefumla.

Umoya weNkxaso yoxinzelelo (PSV)

Uxinzelelo lweNkxaso ye-Ventilation yindlela yokukhupha umoya owenziwe ngomatshini ohambisa inqanaba elimiselweyo lokuxhaswa koxinzelelo ngexesha ngalinye lomgudu wokukhuthaza owenziwe ngumguli.Ngokubonelela ngenkxaso eyongezelelweyo yoxinzelelo oluphefumlelweyo, imo ye-PSV iphakamisa ubunzulu bokuphefumlelwa kunye nomthamo we-tidal volume, ukunciphisa umthwalo wokuphefumla.Ihlala idibaniswa nemodi ye-SIMV kwaye isetyenziswe njengesigaba sokulunyulwa ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-oxygen.

Isishwankathelo, iindlela eziqhelekileyo zomoya wokungena komoya ziquka i-Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation, i-Intermittent Positive-Negative Pressure Ventilation, i-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, i-Inintermittent Mandatory Ventilation, i-synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation, i-Mandatory Minute Ventilation, kunye ne-Pressure Support Ventilation.Indlela nganye inezibonakaliso kunye neenzuzo ezithile, kwaye abaqeqeshi bezempilo bakhetha indlela efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yesigulane kunye neemfuno.Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kwe-ventilator, oogqirha kunye nabongikazi benza uhlengahlengiso olungexesha kunye novavanyo olusekelwe kwimpendulo yesigulane kunye nezalathi zokubeka iliso ukuze kuqinisekiswe inkxaso efanelekileyo yokungena komoya.