Intshayelelo

Kusukelo lwethu lokucoceka, iinzame ezingaphaya kwamandla ethu zisenokunganeli ukulwa neengozi ezifihlakeleyo zemicrobial kunye neebhaktheriya.Ukucocwa okunzulu kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ucoceko olusebenzayo, nokuba kubomi bemihla ngemihla okanye kwizibhedlele, apho ukubaluleka kokulawula usulelo akunakuncitshiswa.

Ukuxhaphaka koSulelo lweZibhedlele

Usulelo lwezibhedlele luyinyani, kunye ne-4.5% yezigulane esibhedlele e-US ezichaphazelekayo ngonyaka.Lidlula inani elidityanisiweyo lokufa kukaGawulayo, umhlaza wamabele, neengozi zemoto, ukwasulelwa yizibhedlele kunyusa izinga lokufa kwabantu nge-10.1%, kwandisa umyinge wokuhlala esibhedlele ngeentsuku ezili-14,9, yaye kungenisa i-$50,000 eyongezelelekileyo yomguli ngamnye kwiindleko zonyango.

Iimeko ezixeliweyo zoSulelo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iziganeko ezininzi zosulelo ziye zaxelwa e-China, kubandakanywa ukuqhambuka kosulelo lwe-HIV ngo-2017 phakathi kwezigulana kwisibhedlele saseZhejiang, isiganeko sosulelo lwe-neonatal ngo-2019 kwisibhedlele sase-Guangdong, kunye nosulelo lwe-hepatitis C kwisibhedlele saseJiangsu's Dongtai.Ukongeza, ubhubhane oqhubekayo ukhokelele kusulelo lwe-nosocomial COVID-19 kwizibhedlele ezininzi.

I-Alam yoThintelo noLawulo loSulelo

Amanyathelo othintelo kunye nokulawula usulelo abalulekile ezibhedlele.Zisebenza njengamadama kunye nemigca yokukhusela, ukukhusela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweenkonzo zonyango.Igumbi lotyando liyindawo ephambili yolawulo losulelo, efuna ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yolawulo losulelo lwesizwe nesibhedlele.Abasebenzi botyando, ii-anesthesiologists, abongikazi, kunye nabasebenzi abacocayo badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba uthintelo losuleleko luyinto eqhelekileyo ngemfundo eqhubekayo yezomthetho neyolawulo.

UPhando olukhoyo kwiSebe lokuLawula ukosuleleka kweSebe le-Anesthesia

Uphononongo luhlolisise iinkxalabo ezinxulumene nosulelo kwisebe le-anesthesia.Uphando malunga nongcoliseko lwesekethe yomatshini we-anesthesia lubonakalise amanqanaba aphezulu ongcoliseko, kunye ne-34.7% yoomatshini be-anesthesia abathwele ibhaktheriya ekungenisweni, kunye ne-27.3% ebonisa ukungcola ngexesha lokuthumela ngaphandle.Emva kokubulawa kweentsholongwane okufanelekileyo, amanani ebhaktheriya ehle ngomyinge wama-94.3%, ephucula kakhulu ukusebenza kokubulala iintsholongwane.

Ubuthathaka kwiSebe lokuLawula ukosuleleka kwiSebe le-Anesthesia

Isebe le-anesthesia lijongene nemingeni kulawulo losulelo ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo:

• • Ukunqongophala kwezalathi ezifanelekileyo zovavanyo lwezehlo zosulelo esibhedlele
  • Iinzame ezingonelanga zokulawula ezivela kumasebe asebenzayo
  • Iimfuno ezingonelanga zolawulo losulelo lwesebe le-anesthesia kwizikhokelo zolawulo
  • Ukungazi kakuhle kwabasebenzi kwiinkqubo zolawulo losulelo esibhedlele
  • Ukungaqondi kakuhle ukufaneleka phakathi kwamasebe e-anesthesia kunye nosulelo lwesibhedlele, oluhlala lukhokelela ekuzikhathazeni
  • Ukusekwa kade kwesebe leeyunithi zabongikazi zesebe

Iindawo ezisesichengeni kunye neSimo sangoku soLawulo lweSebe le-Anesthesia

Iindawo ezibalulekileyo ezifuna ukuphuculwa kwisebe le-anesthesia zibandakanya ucoceko lwezandla, ubuchule be-aseptic, ukubonakaliswa komsebenzi, kunye nezilumkiso eziqhelekileyo.Ucoceko olufanelekileyo lwezandla luyimfuneko ebalulekileyo, kwaye ukuthotyelwa kufuneka kubekwe iliso kwaye kuqinisekiswe.Iinkqubo zokungafumani ntsholongwane kufuneka zilandelwe ngqongqo, kuqwalaselwe ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziziintsholongwane nezingcolisekileyo.Ngapha koko, ukucoceka kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane koomatshini bokuthomalalisa iintsholongwane kubaluleke kakhulu.

Imiba yoMngcipheko woSulelo lweSibhedlele seSebe le-Anesthesia

Izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi zinegalelo kusulelo lwesibhedlele kwisebe le-anesthesia:

• • Ukunqongophala kolwazi ngothintelo nolawulo losulelo
  • Ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kweetyhubhu ze-tracheal kunye ne-laryngoscope blades
  • Ukungahambelani nobugcisa be-aseptic ngexesha leenkqubo ezinxulumene ne-anesthesia
  • Ukuqonda okuphantsi kwamanyathelo okhuseleko lomntu phakathi kwabasebenzi bezonyango
  • Ukungonelanga ukubulala iintsholongwane kwizixhobo zonyango
  • Ukuphathwa ngokungafanelekanga kwenkunkuma yonyango
  • Ukungabikho kokusetyenziswa kwezihlungi kwimibhobho yoqhoqhoqho
  • Ukutshintshwa kwekalika yesoda enganelanga

Ulwazi olungonelanga loSulelo lweSibhedlele

Ukunqongophala kolwazi malunga nezilumkiso ezisemgangathweni ngumba obalulekileyo:

• • Ukungahambelani ngokwaneleyo nokunxiba iigloves, iimaski zotyando, iimpahla zamehlo ezikhuselayo, kunye neegawuni zodwa ngexesha leenkqubo ezihlaselayo.
  • Ukungaphumeleli ukuqaphela uqhagamshelwano kunye nezilumkiso ze-droplet
  • Iinkqubo ezingezizo zokubulala iintsholongwane kwizixhobo eziphinda zisetyenziswe, ezifana neeblade zelaryngoscope
  • Ukungathotyelwa ngokwaneleyo ekusebenziseni iidrapes eziziintsholongwane zokungena kunye nokubhala ngokufanelekileyo amayeza e-anesthesia

Ucoceko lwezandla kunye neMiqathango esemgangathweni

Ucoceko lwezandla lubalulekile kwaye lubandakanya ukuhlanjwa, ucoceko lokubulala iintsholongwane ezandleni, kunye notyando lokubulala iintsholongwane ngesandla.Iimpawu ezithile zococeko lwezandla ziquka "ezithathu phambi" kunye "nezine emva."Ukubambelela kwezi zenzo kunokunciphisa kakhulu iingozi zosulelo.

Ukomeleza uLawulo lokuLawula ukosuleleka kwiSebe le-Anesthesia

Ukuseka imithetho ebanzi, imimiselo, kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi kubalulekile kulawulo losulelo kwisebe le-anesthesia.Oku kubandakanya inkqubo yococeko lwezandla, inkqubo yokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nemithetho yokwahlula abantu, iindlela zokusebenza ezingenazintsholongwane, kunye nemfundo eqhubekayo, ukuhlolwa, kunye nokubeka esweni.

Iinkcukacha ezithe ngqo zoLawulo loSulelo

1. 1. Ukubambelela ngokungqongqo kucoceko lwezandla

• • Iinkqubo zeAseptic zifuna utyando lokubulala iintsholongwane ngesandla
  • Iinkqubo ezingahlaseliyo zifuna ukuhlanjwa kulandele ucoceko lokubulala iintsholongwane ngesandla
  • Ucoceko lwezandla kufuneka lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokungcoliswa

1. 2. Ukuthotyelwa okungqongqo koBuchule be-Aseptic

• • Gcina izinto eziziintsholongwane, zicocekile, kunye nezosulelekileyo zahluliwe
  • Izinto ezivuliweyo ezingenazintsholongwane akufanele zibekwe kwiindawo ezingenazo iintsholongwane
  • Iinkqubo ezihlaselayo okanye ukudibana nolwelwesi lwesigulana okanye ulusu olonakeleyo lufuna ukuba kusetyenziswe iiglavu ezinyumba.
  • Kulumkele ukudibana nesandla kumphambili wencakuba kwilaryngoscope okanye kwityhubhu yoqhoqhoqho

1. 3. Izinto ezilahlwayo: Ukusetyenziswa okunye kuMntu omnye
   4. Izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe

• • Ukucocwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukubulala iintsholongwane, ukomiswa, kunye nokugcinwa kweeblade zelaryngoscope ezinokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngokwezikhokelo
  • Ukusetyenziswa okukodwa komntu omnye kuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno ze-bioburden ziyafezekiswa

1. 5. Ukucocwa koMphezulu wezinto

• • Ukucocwa okumanzi mihla le okanye i-75% yotywala yosulwa phantsi kweekhafu zoxinzelelo lwegazi, ii-stethoscopes, iiprobes zobushushu, oomatshini bokuthomalalisa iintlungu, izixhobo zokubeka iliso, iindawo zokusebenza, kunye neebhodi zekhompyuter zengingqi yezonyango, kusetyenziswa ifilimu ekhuselayo apho kuyimfuneko.

1. 6. Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwiiSekethe zoomatshini be-Anesthesia

• • Ukuphumeza amanyathelo afanelekileyo okubulala iintsholongwane kwiisekethe zomatshini we-anesthesia, nokuba kufakwe imichiza okanye kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokubulala iintsholongwane ezifana ne-ozone disinfection okanye i-alcohol-chlorhexidine aerosol.

Ukuqukumbela

Usulelo lwasesibhedlele lubeka isoyikiso esibalulekileyo kukhuseleko lwesigulane, kodwa ulawulo olusebenzayo losulelo lunokunciphisa le mingcipheko.Ukomeleza ulawulo losulelo kwisebe le-anesthesia kubalulekile ekunciphiseni iziganeko zokusuleleka kwezibhedlele kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zesigulane.Ukugxininisa ucoceko olufanelekileyo lwezandla, ubuchule be-aseptic, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kumphezulu, ecaleni kokufundisa abasebenzi bezempilo, kuya kukhusela izigulana kunye nokwandisa iinkonzo zempilo.