Oomatshini bokubulala iintsholongwane kwisekethe yokuphefumla i-anesthesia kunye nezixhobo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lwesigulane kunye nentuthuzelo ngexesha lotyando.Nangona kunjalo, zikwabeka imingcipheko enokubakho yosulelo ukuba azigcinwanga kwaye zibulala iintsholongwane ngokufanelekileyo.Kule khokelo, siya kunika ulwazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeesekethe zokuphefumla i-anesthesia, iimpawu zabo, kunye nendlela yokukhetha isiphaluka esifanelekileyo sotyando oluhlukeneyo.Siza kunika iinkcukacha kwiinkqubo zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye neemveliso ezithile okanye oomatshini abanokusetyenziselwa ukubulala iintsholongwane.Ukongeza, siza kujongana neenkxalabo eziqhelekileyo kunye nemibuzo malunga nokusetyenziswa koomatshini bokuthomalalisa kwizigulana ze-COVID-19 kwaye sinikeze iingcebiso zokunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.

Iintlobo zoomatshini bokuphefumla i-Anesthesia yesekethe yokubulala iintsholongwane

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeesekethe zokuphefumla i-anesthesia: zivulekile kwaye zivaliwe.Iisekethe ezivulekileyo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziisekethe ezingaphefumliyo, zivumela iigesi ezikhutshwayo ukuba zibaleke ziye kwindawo engqongileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa iinkqubo ezimfutshane okanye kwizigulane ezinemiphunga enempilo.Iisekethe ezivaliweyo, kwelinye icala, zibamba iigesi ezikhutshwayo kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe zibuyela kwisigulana.Zifanelekile kwiinkqubo ezinde okanye kwizigulane ezinomsebenzi wemiphunga ophazamisekileyo.

Phakathi kwezi ndidi zimbini, kukho iindidi ezininzi zeesekethe, kuquka:

1. I-Mapleson A / B / C / D: Ezi zijikelezo ezivulekileyo ezahlukileyo kuyilo kunye neepatheni zokuhamba kwegesi.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa i-anesthesia yokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.
2. Isekethe ye-Bain: Le yisekethe ye-semi-open evumela ukungena komoya okuzenzekelayo kunye nokulawulwayo.
3. Inkqubo yesangqa: Le yisekethe evaliweyo equkethe i-CO2 absorber kunye nebhegi yokuphefumla.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa i-anesthesia ye-ventilation elawulwayo.

Ukukhetha isiphaluka esifanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, njengemeko yomguli, uhlobo lotyando nokukhethwa ngugqirha wokudambisa iintlungu.

Iinkqubo zokubulala iintsholongwane

Ukubulala iintsholongwane ngokufanelekileyo koomatshini kunye nezixhobo zokuthomalalisa iintsholongwane kubalulekile ukuthintela ukwanda kosulelo.La manyathelo alandelayo kufuneka alandelwe:

1. Coca iindawo ngesepha namanzi ukususa ubumdaka obubonakalayo kunye nobutyobo.
2. Ukubulala iintsholongwane kumphezulu ngesibulali-ntsholongwane esivunywe yi-EPA.
3. Vumela imiphezulu ukuba yome umoya.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezinye ii-disinfectants zingonakalisa izixhobo ezithile okanye amacandelo e-anesthesia breathing circuit oomatshini bokubulala iintsholongwane.Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba udibane nemiyalelo yomenzi kwiinkqubo ezithile zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye neemveliso.

IiNgxaki ze-COVID-19

Ukusetyenziswa kweoomatshini bokuphefumla i-anesthesia yesekethe yokubulala iintsholongwanekwizigulana ze-COVID-19 ziphakamisa iinkxalabo malunga nokosuleleka kwentsholongwane okunokubakho ngeeaerosols ezenziwe ngexesha le-intubation kunye neenkqubo zokukhupha.Ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko, la manyathelo alandelayo kufuneka athathwe:

1. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela (PPE), kubandakanywa izixhobo zokuphefumla eziyi-N95, iiglavu, iigawuni, nezikhuselo zobuso.
2. Sebenzisa iisekethe ezivaliweyo nanini na kunokwenzeka.
3. Sebenzisa izihluzi eziphezulu ze-particulate air (HEPA) ukuze ubambe ii-aerosols.
4. Vumela ixesha elaneleyo lokutshintshiselana komoya phakathi kwezigulane.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukukhutshwa kwe-disinfection, kunye nokusetyenziswa koomatshini be-anesthesia kunye nezixhobo ziyimfuneko ekukhuseleni isigulane kunye nokulawulwa kokusuleleka kwimimiselo yeklinikhi.I-Anesthesiologists kufuneka iqhelane neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeesekethe zokuphefumla kwaye ukhethe ezifanelekileyo kwisigulane ngasinye kunye notyando.Kufuneka kwakhona balandele iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokubulala iintsholongwane kwaye bathathe amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo ngexesha leenkqubo zezigulana ze-COVID-19.