IsiKhokelo esiBanzi seMigangatho yaMazwe ngaMazwe, iiRandi, kunye neZibonelelo

Izixhobo zonyango zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kukhathalelo lwempilo, ukunceda oogqirha ukuba baxilonge, baphathe, kwaye babeke iliso kwizigulane.Nangona kunjalo, xa izixhobo zonyango zingavalwanga ngokufanelekileyo, zinokubeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwizigulana ngokugqithisela iintsholongwane ezinobungozi, iintsholongwane, kunye nezinye iintsholongwane.Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zonyango, abavelisi kufuneka babambelele kwiiprothokholi ezingqongqo zokuvala inzala.Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha amanqanaba amathathu obunzima besixhobo sonyango, uluhlu lwazo oluhambelanayo, kunye nemigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe ezichazayo.Siza kuphinda sihlolisise izibonelelo zenqanaba ngalinye kunye nendlela abaqinisekisa ngayo ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zonyango.

Ngawaphi amanqanaba amathathu obunyumba?

Amanqanaba amathathu onyango lwesixhobo sonyango ngala:

Ayinyumba: Isixhobo esingenazintsholongwane asinazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, kuquka iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, ukungunda kunye nembewu.Ukuvala inzala kuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa umphunga, igesi ye-ethylene oxide, kunye nemitha.

Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwizinga eliphezulu: Isixhobo esingena kwiqondo eliphezulu lokubulala iintsholongwane sikhululekile kuzo zonke ii-microorganisms ngaphandle kwenani elincinci le-bacterialspores.Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwizinga eliphezulu kuphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa iikhemikhali zokubulala iintsholongwane okanye indibaniselwano yeekhemikhali zokubulala iintsholongwane kunye neendlela ezibonakalayo ezifana nobushushu.

Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwinqanaba eliphakathi: Isixhobo esingena kwinqanaba eliphakathi lokubulala iintsholongwane sikhululekile kwiintsholongwane ezininzi, eziquka ibhaktiriya, iintsholongwane kunye nokungunda.Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwinqanaba eliphakathi kuphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa iikhemikhali zokubulala iintsholongwane.

Imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yenkcazo yamanqanaba amathathu obunyumba

Umgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe ochaza amanqanaba amathathu okuvalwa kwesixhobo sonyango yi-ISO 17665. I-ISO 17665 ichaza iimfuno zophuhliso, ukuqinisekiswa, kunye nolawulo lwesiqhelo lwenkqubo yokuvala inzala kwizixhobo zonyango.Ikwabonelela ngesikhokelo ekukhetheni indlela efanelekileyo yokuvala inzala ngokusekwe kumathiriyeli wesixhobo, uyilo, kunye nokusetyenziswa okucetywayo.

Loluphi uluhlu oluhambelana namanqanaba amathathu obunyumba?

Uluhlu lwamanqanaba amathathu onyango lwesixhobo sonyango ngala:

Oyinyumba: Isixhobo esingenazintsholongwane sinenqanaba loqinisekiso lobunyumba (SAL) ka-10^-6, okuthetha ukuba kukho ithuba elinye kwisigidi sokuba kukho imicroorganism ephilayo kwisixhobo emva kokuvalwa inzala.

I-high-level disinfection: Isixhobo esifumana i-disinfection yezinga eliphezulu sinokuncitshiswa kwelogi ubuncinane ubuncinane be-6, oku kuthetha ukuba inani le-microorganisms kwisixhobo liyancipha ngesigidi esinye.

I-Disinfection yenqanaba eliphakathi: Isixhobo esingena kwi-disinfection ye-intermediate-level ine-log yokunciphisa ubuncinane be-4, oku kuthetha ukuba inani le-microorganisms kwisixhobo liyancitshiswa ngumlinganiselo wamawaka alishumi.

Izibonelelo zamanqanaba amathathu obunyumba

Amanqanaba amathathu obunzima besixhobo sonyango aqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zonyango azinantsholongwane ziyingozi, zinciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo kunye nokungcoliseka.Izixhobo ezingasebenziyo zisetyenziselwa iinkqubo ezihlaselayo, ezinjengotyando, apho naluphi na ungcoliseko lunokubangela usulelo oluqatha.Ukubulala iintsholongwane kwinqanaba eliphezulu kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezinje nge-endoscopes, ezidibana ne-mucous membranes kodwa zingangeni kuzo.I-disinfection yenqanaba eliphakathi isetyenziselwa izixhobo ezingabalulekanga, ezifana ne-blood cuffs, ezidibana nolusu olungagungqiyo.Ngokusebenzisa amanqanaba afanelekileyo okuvala inzala, iingcali zonyango zinokuqinisekisa ukuba izigulana zikhuselwe kwiintsholongwane eziyingozi.

Isishwankathelo

Ngamafutshane, amanqanaba amathathu onyango lwesixhobo sonyango alunyumba, ukubulawa kweentsholongwane, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kwinqanaba eliphakathi.La manqanaba aqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zonyango zikhululekile kwii-microorganisms ezinobungozi kwaye zinciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka kunye nokungcola.I-ISO 17665 ngumgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe ochaza iimfuno zophuhliso, ukuqinisekiswa, kunye nolawulo lwesiqhelo lwenkqubo yokuvala inzala kwizixhobo zonyango.Uluhlu lwamanqanaba amathathu e-sterility luhambelana ne-SAL ye-10 ^ -6 yezixhobo eziyinyumba, ukuncitshiswa kwelogi ubuncinane kwi-6 kwi-disinfection ephezulu, kunye nokunciphisa i-log ubuncinane kwi-4 kwi-disinfection yezinga eliphakathi.Ngokubambelela kumanqanaba afanelekileyo okuvalwa inzala, oogqirha banokuqinisekisa ukuba abaguli bakhuselekile kwiintsholongwane eziyingozi, kwaye izixhobo zonyango zikhuselekile ukuba zingasetyenziswa.