I-sterilizer yonyango sisixhobo esisebenzisa ukushisa, iikhemikhali, okanye i-radiation ukubulala okanye ukuphelisa zonke iintlobo ze-microorganisms kunye ne-pathogens kwizixhobo zonyango kunye nezixhobo.Sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokhathalelo lwempilo, njengoko inceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo kunye nezifo.Inkqubo yokuvala inzala ikwaqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zonyango zikhuselekile ukuba zisetyenziswe kwizigulana.Izibulali-ntsholongwane zonyango ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ii-autoclaves, izibulali-ntsholongwane zekhemikhali, kunye nezibulali-ntsholongwane ngemitha.Ii-autoclaves zisebenzisa umphunga kunye noxinzelelo lokucoca izixhobo, ngelixa ii-chemical sterilizers zisebenzisa iikhemikhali ezifana ne-ethylene oxide.Izibulali-ntsholongwane ngemitha zisebenzisa imitha ye-ionizing ukubulala iintsholongwane.Izibulali-ntsholongwane zonyango zifuna ulondolozo olululo kunye nokubekwa kweliso ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihlala zisebenza.