Isingeniso

Ekuphishekeleni kwethu inhlanzeko, imizamo ekha phezulu ingase inganele ukulwa nezingozi ezifihliwe zamagciwane kanye namagciwane.Ukuhlanza okujulile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlanzeko ephumelelayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke noma ezindaweni zasesibhedlela, lapho ukubaluleka kokulawula ukutheleleka kungenakubukelwa phansi.

Ukusabalala Kwezifo Ezithathelwanayo Ezibhedlela

Izifo zasesibhedlela ziyiqiniso, kanti u-4.5% weziguli ezilaliswa esibhedlela e-US ziyathinteka minyaka yonke.Idlula inani elihlangene lokufa kwengculaza, umdlavuza wamabele, nezingozi zezimoto, izifo zasesibhedlela zikhuphula izinga lokufa ngamaphesenti angu-10.1, zandisa isikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela ngezinsuku ezingu-14,9, futhi kungenisa enye imali engu-$50,000 isiguli ngasinye ezindlekweni zokwelashwa.

Izimo Ezibikiwe Zokutheleleka

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kubikwe izigameko zokutheleleka eziningana eChina, okuhlanganisa ukuqubuka kokutheleleka nge-HIV ngo-2017 phakathi kweziguli esibhedlela saseZhejiang, isigameko sokutheleleka kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngo-2019 esibhedlela saseGuangdong, kanye nezifo ze-hepatitis C esibhedlela esisedolobheni laseJiangsu, iDongtai.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubhubhane oluqhubekayo luholele ekungenweni yi-nosocomial COVID-19 ezibhedlela eziningi.

I-alamu Yokuvikela Nokulawula Ukutheleleka

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokulawula ukutheleleka zibalulekile ezibhedlela.Asebenza njengamadamu nemigqa yokuzivikela, evikela ukusebenza okuvamile kwezinsizakalo zezokwelapha.Igumbi lokuhlinzela liyindawo ebalulekile yokulawula ukutheleleka, edinga ukubambelela ezindinganisweni zokulawulwa kokutheleleka zikazwelonke nezibhedlela.Abasebenzi abahlinzayo, odokotela ababulala izinzwa, abahlengikazi, nabahlanzayo badlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukulawulwa kokutheleleka kuba umkhuba ngemfundo yezomthetho nemithetho eqhubekayo.

Ucwaningo Olukhona Lokulawulwa Kokutheleleka Komnyango We-Anesthesia

Ucwaningo luye lwahlola ukukhathazeka okuhlobene nokutheleleka emnyangweni we-anesthesia.Ucwaningo mayelana nokungcoliswa kwesekethe yomshini wokubulala izinzwa lwembula amazinga aphezulu okunukubezeka, kanti u-34.7% wemishini yokubulala izinzwa ethwele amagciwane uma ingenisiwe, kanye nama-27.3% akhombisa ukunukubezeka ngesikhathi sokuthekelisa.Ngemuva kokubulawa kwamagciwane okufanele, ukubalwa kwamagciwane kwehle ngesilinganiso esingu-94.3%, okwenza ngcono kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokubulala amagciwane.

Ubuthakathaka Ekulawuleni Ukutheleleka Komnyango Wezinzwa

Umnyango we-anesthesia ubhekene nezinselelo ekulawuleni ukutheleleka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene:

• • Ukungabi bikho kwezinkomba ezifanele zokuhlola izehlakalo zokutheleleka esibhedlela
  • Imizamo enganele yokuqondisa evela eminyangweni esebenzayo
  • Izidingo ezinganele zokulawulwa kokutheleleka komnyango we-anesthesia kuzinkombandlela zokuphatha
  • Ukungazi kahle kwabasebenzi ngezinhlelo zokulawula ukutheleleka esibhedlela
  • Ukungaqondi kahle ukuhlobana phakathi kweminyango ye-anesthesia kanye nokutheleleka kwesibhedlela, okuvame ukuholela ekunganakeni
  • Ukusungulwa sekwephuzile kwamayunithi abahlengikazi bomnyango we-anesthesia

Izindawo Ezisengcupheni kanye Nesimo Samanje Sokulawulwa Kokutheleleka Komnyango We-Anesthesia

Izindawo ezibucayi ezidinga ukuthuthukiswa emnyangweni we-anesthesia zifaka izinqubo zokuhlanzeka kwezandla, amasu e-aseptic, ukuchayeka emsebenzini, kanye nezinyathelo zokuqapha ezijwayelekile.Ukuhlanzeka okufanele kwezandla kuyisidingo esibalulekile, futhi ukuthobela kufanele kuqashelwe futhi kuqinisekiswe.Izinqubo ezibulala amagciwane kufanele zilandelwe ngokuqinile, kuqashelwe ukuphatha izinto eziyinyumba nezingcolile ngendlela efanele.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanzeka nokubulala amagciwane kwemishini yokubulala izinzwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izinto Eziyingozi Zokutheleleka Kwesibhedlela Somnyango Wokubulala Izinzwa

Izinto ezimbalwa eziyingozi zifaka isandla ekungenweni kwesibhedlela emnyangweni we-anesthesia:

• • Ukungaqwashisi ngokwanele ngokuvikela nokulawula ukutheleleka
  • Ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kwamashubhu oqhoqhoqho nama-laryngoscope blades
  • Ukungabambeleli kumasu e-aseptic ngesikhathi sezinqubo ezihlobene ne-anesthesia
  • Ukuqwashisa okuphansi kwezinyathelo zokuzivikela phakathi kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha
  • Ukukhipha amagciwane okunganele kwemishini yezokwelapha
  • Ukungaphathwa kahle kwemfucuza yezokwelapha
  • Ukuntuleka kokusetshenziswa kwezihlungi kumashubhu oqhoqhoqho
  • Ukushintshwa kwe-soda lime enganele

Ulwazi Olwanele Lwezifo Ezithathelwanayo Ezibhedlela

Ukuntula ulwazi mayelana nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezijwayelekile kuyinkinga ebalulekile:

• • Ukungathobeli ngokwanele ukugqoka amagilavu, imaski yokuhlinzwa, izingubo zamehlo ezivikelayo, nezingubo zokuzihlukanisa ngesikhathi sezinqubo ezihlaselayo.
  • Ukwehluleka ukuqaphela ukuthintana namaconsi
  • Izinqubo ezingalungile zokubulala amagciwane okokusebenza okusebenziseka kabusha, njengama-laryngoscope blades
  • Ukungathobeli ngokwanele ukusebenzisa ama-drapes oyinyumba yokufaka intubation kanye nokulebula ngendlela efanele kwezidakamizwa ezibulala izinzwa

Ukuhlanzeka Kwezandla kanye Nezinyathelo Zokuqapha Ezijwayelekile

Inhlanzeko yezandla ibalulekile futhi ihlanganisa ukugeza, inhlanzeko yokubulala amagciwane ezandla, kanye nokuhlinzwa kwezandla kubulala amagciwane.Izinkomba zokuhlanzeka kwezandla eziqondile zifaka phakathi "okuthathu ngaphambili" kanye "nesine ngemuva."Ukunamathela kule mikhuba kunganciphisa kakhulu izingozi zokutheleleka.

Ukuqinisa Ukulawulwa Kokulawulwa Kwezifo Emnyangweni Wezinzwa

Ukumisa imithetho ephelele, imithethonqubo, kanye nokuhamba komsebenzi kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukulawulwa kokutheleleka emnyangweni we-anesthesia.Lokhu kufaka isistimu yenhlanzeko yezandla, izivumelwano zokubulala amagciwane kanye nokuzihlukanisa, izindlela zokusebenza eziyinyumba, nemfundo eqhubekayo, ukuhlolwa, nokugadwa.

Imininingwane Eqondile Yokulawula Ukutheleleka

1. 1. Ukunamathela Okuqinile Ekuhlanzekeni Kwezandla

• • Izinqubo ze-Aseptic zidinga ukuhlinzwa kokubulawa amagciwane ngesandla
  • Izinqubo ezingahlanyisi zidinga ukugeza okulandelwa ukuhlanzeka kokubulala amagciwane ngezandla
  • Ukuhlanzeka kwezandla kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemva kokungcola

1. 2. Ukugcinwa Okuqinile Kwezindlela Ze-Aseptic

• • Gcina izinto eziyinyumba, zihlanzekile, nezingcolile zihlukene
  • Izinto ezivuliwe eziyinyumba akufanele zibekwe ezindaweni ezingezona inyumba
  • Izinqubo ezihlaselayo noma ukuthintana nolwelwesi lwamafinyila lwesiguli noma isikhumba esonakele kwenza kudingeke kusetshenziswe amagilavu ​​oyinyumba
  • Gwema ukuthintana ngesandla nengxenye engaphambili yama-laryngoscope blades noma amashubhu oqhoqhoqho

1. 3. Izinto Ezilahlwayo: Ukusetshenziswa Okukodwa Kumuntu Oyedwa
   4. Izinto Ezingasetshenziswa Kabusha

• • Ukuhlanzwa ngendlela efanele, ukubulala amagciwane, ukomiswa, kanye nokugcinwa kwama-laryngoscope blades asebenziseka kabusha ngokweziqondiso
  • Ukusetshenziswa okukodwa komuntu oyedwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi izidingo ze-bioburden ziyahlangatshezwa

1. 5. Ukuhlanza Ubuso Bezinto

• • Ukuhlanzwa okumanzi nsuku zonke noma ukusulwa kotshwala okungu-75% komfutho wegazi, ama-stethoscopes, ama-temperature probe, imishini yokubulala izinzwa, okokusebenza kokuqapha, izindawo zokusebenza, namakhibhodi ekhompuyutha ezindawo zezokwelapha, kusetshenziswa ifilimu yokuvikela lapho kudingeka khona.

1. 6. Ukubulala amagciwane Kweziyingi Zomshini Wokubulala Izinzwa

• • Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezifanele zokubulala amagciwane kumasekhethi omshini wokubulala izinzwa, kungaba ngokucwiliswa ngamakhemikhali noma kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile yokubulala amagciwane njenge-ozone disinfection noma i-alcohol-chlorhexidine aerosol.

Isiphetho

Izifo zasesibhedlela ziwusongo olukhulu ekuphepheni kwesiguli, kodwa ukulawula ukutheleleka okuphumelelayo kunganciphisa lezi zingozi.Ukuqinisa ukulawulwa kokulawulwa kokutheleleka emnyangweni wokubulala izinzwa kubalulekile ekwehliseni izehlakalo zokutheleleka kwesibhedlela nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yesiguli.Ukugcizelela ukuhlanzeka okufanele kwezandla, amasu e-aseptic, kanye nokubulala amagciwane ebusweni, kanye nokufundisa abasebenzi bezempilo, kuzovikela iziguli futhi kwandise izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.