Imishini nemishini yokuphefumula i-anesthesia idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha nokunethezeka kwesiguli ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.Kodwa-ke, futhi zibeka engcupheni yokudluliselwa kwezifo ezingaba khona uma zinganakekelwa futhi zibulawe amagciwane ngendlela efanele.Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizohlinzeka ngolwazi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamasekhethi okuphefumula i-anesthesia, izici zawo, nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani isifunda esifanele sokuhlinzwa okuhlukile.Sizophinde sinikeze imininingwane ngezinqubo zokubulala amagciwane kanye nemikhiqizo ethile noma imishini engasetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane.Ukwengeza, sizobhekana nokukhathazeka okuvamile nemibuzo ephathelene nokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokubulala izinzwa ezigulini ze-COVID-19 futhi sinikeze izincomo zokunciphisa ubungozi bokudluliselwa.

Izinhlobo zemishini yokubulala amagciwane i-Anesthesia breathing circuit

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamasekhethi okuphefumula kwe-anesthesia: evulekile futhi evaliwe.Amasekhethi avuliwe, awaziwa nangokuthi amasekhethi angaphefumuli, avumela amagesi akhishwe umoya ukuthi abaleke aye endaweni.Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa izinqubo ezimfushane noma ezigulini ezinamaphaphu anempilo.Amasekhethi avaliwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, abamba amagesi akhishwa umoya futhi awabuyisele esigulini.Zifanele izinqubo ezinde noma ezigulini ezinomsebenzi wamaphaphu osengozini.

Ngaphakathi kwalezi zigaba ezimbili, kunezinhlobo eziningana zamasekethe, okuhlanganisa:

1. I-Mapleson A/B/C/D: Lawa amasekhethi avulekile ahlukile ekwakhiweni kwawo namaphethini okugeleza kwegesi.Zivame ukusetshenziselwa i-anesthesia yokuphefumula ezenzakalelayo.
2. Isekhethi ye-Bain: Lena isekethe evuleke kancane evumela kokubili ukungena komoya okuzenzakalelayo nokulawulwayo.
3. Uhlelo lombuthano: Lena isekethe evaliwe equkethe i-CO2 absorber kanye nesikhwama sokuphefumula.Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa i-anesthesia ye-ventilation elawulwayo.

Ukukhetha isifunda esifanele kuxhomeke ezicini eziningana, njengesimo sesiguli, uhlobo lokuhlinza, kanye nalokho okushiwo udokotela obulala izinzwa.

Izinqubo Zokubulala Amagciwane

Ukubulala amagciwane ngendlela efanele kwemishini yokubulala izinzwa kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwezifo.Izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:

1. Hlanza izindawo ngensipho namanzi ukuze ususe ukungcola okubonakalayo kanye nemfucumfucu.
2. Hlanza amagciwane endaweni etholakala ngesibulali magciwane esigunyazwe yi-EPA.
3. Vumela izindawo ezingaphezulu zome.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ezinye izibulala-magciwane zingase zilimaze izinto ezithile noma izingxenye zemishini yokubulala izinzwa yokuphefumula kwesifunda.Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nemiyalelo yomkhiqizi ngezinqubo ezithile zokubulala amagciwane kanye nemikhiqizo.

Ukukhathazeka nge-COVID-19

Ukusetshenziswa kweimishini yokuphefumula i-anesthesia yesifunda yokubulala amagciwaneezigulini ze-COVID-19 iphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nokusakazeka okungenzeka kwaleli gciwane ngokusebenzisa ama-aerosols akhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka intubation kanye ne-extubation.Ukuze kuncishiswe lobu bungozi, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Sebenzisa izinto zokuzivikela ezifanele (i-PPE), okuhlanganisa ama-N95 respirators, amagilavu, izingubo zokugqoka, nezihlangu zobuso.
2. Sebenzisa amasekhethi avaliwe noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka.
3. Sebenzisa izihlungi ze-particulate air (HEPA) ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ukuze uthwebule ama-aerosol.
4. Vumela isikhathi esanele sokushintshisana komoya phakathi kweziguli.

Isiphetho

Ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukubulala amagciwane, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini nemishini yokubulala izinzwa kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwesiguli kanye nokulawulwa kokutheleleka kuzilungiselelo zomtholampilo.Odokotela ababulala izinzwa kufanele bajwayelane nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamasekhethi okuphefumula futhi bakhethe efanele isiguli ngasinye nokuhlinzwa.Kufanele futhi balandele izinqubo ezifanele zokubulala amagciwane futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka ngesikhathi sezinqubo zeziguli ze-COVID-19.